Articles

Preprocedural fasting for contrast-enhanced CT: when experience meets evidence

Traditional preparatory fasting policy prior to iodinated contrast media (ICM) assisted contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) examinations lacks methodologically acceptable evidence. Considering the possible negative ef...

Authors: Heng Liu, Yu Liu, Li Zhao, Xue Li and Weiguo Zhang

Magnetism of materials: theory and practice in magnetic resonance imaging

All substances exert magnetic properties in some extent when placed in an external magnetic field. Magnetic susceptibility represents a measure of the magnitude of magnetization of a certain substance when the...

Authors: Michele Gaeta, Marco Cavallaro, Sergio Lucio Vinci, Enricomaria Mormina, Alfredo Blandino, Maria Adele Marino, Francesca Granata, Agostino Tessitore, Karol Galletta, Tommaso D’Angelo and Carmela Visalli

Magnetic resonance imaging-based body composition is associated with nutritional and inflammatory status: a longitudinal study in patients with Crohn's disease

To evaluate the changes in magnetic resonance imaging-based body composition parameters during follow-ups in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Authors: Ziling Zhou, Ziman Xiong, Yaqi Shen, Zhen Li, Xuemei Hu and Daoyu Hu

The European Society of Head and Neck Radiology Mentoring Programme: development and feedback during the first phase of the initiative

There is increasing awareness of the benefits of formal mentorship programmes in radiology. In the context of the COVID 19 pandemic which impacted on education, professional engagement and networking within th...

Authors: Steve Connor and Soraya Robinson

Spinal disorders mimicking infection

Spinal infections are very commonly encountered by radiologists in their routine clinical practice. In case of typical MRI features, the diagnosis is relatively easy to interpret, all the more so if the clinic...

Authors: Sana Boudabbous, Emilie Nicodème Paulin, Bénédicte Marie Anne Delattre, Marion Hamard and Maria Isabel Vargas

Detection of lung lesions in breath-hold VIBE and free-breathing Spiral VIBE MRI compared to CT

Detection of pulmonary nodules in MRI requires fast imaging strategies without respiratory motion impairment, such as single-breath-hold Cartesian VIBE. As patients with pulmonary diseases have limited breath-...

Authors: Susann-Cathrin Olthof, Christian Reinert, Konstantin Nikolaou, Christina Pfannenberg, Sergios Gatidis, Thomas Benkert, Thomas Küstner and Patrick Krumm

Communicating imaging findings in peritoneal mesothelioma: the impact of ‘PAUSE’ on surgical decision-making

The peritoneal cavity is the second commonest site of mesothelioma after the pleural cavity. There are five histological types of peritoneal mesothelioma with variable symptomatology, clinical presentation and...

Authors: Anuradha Chandramohan, Nehal Shah, Andrew Thrower, Norman John Carr, Rohin Mittal, Faheez Mohamed and Brendan Moran

Saliency-based 3D convolutional neural network for categorising common focal liver lesions on multisequence MRI

The imaging features of focal liver lesions (FLLs) are diverse and complex. Diagnosing FLLs with imaging alone remains challenging. We developed and validated an interpretable deep learning model for the class...

Authors: Shu-Hui Wang, Xin-Jun Han, Jing Du, Zhen-Chang Wang, Chunwang Yuan, Yinan Chen, Yajing Zhu, Xin Dou, Xiao-Wei Xu, Hui Xu and Zheng-Han Yang

Measuring the bias of incorrect application of feature selection when using cross-validation in radiomics

Many studies in radiomics are using feature selection methods to identify the most predictive features. At the same time, they employ cross-validation to estimate the performance of the developed models. Howev...

Authors: Aydin Demircioğlu

Quantitative analysis of metal artifact reduction in total hip arthroplasty using virtual monochromatic imaging and orthopedic metal artifact reduction, a phantom study

To quantify metal artifact reduction using 130 keV virtual monochromatic imaging (VMI) with and without orthopedic metal artifact reduction (O-MAR) in total hip arthroplasty.

Authors: Mark Selles, Vera H. Stuivenberg, Ruud H. H. Wellenberg, Loes van de Riet, Ingrid M. Nijholt, Jochen A. C. van Osch, Robbert W. van Hamersvelt, Tim Leiner and Martijn F. Boomsma

Machine learning-based CT radiomics approach for predicting WHO/ISUP nuclear grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: an exploratory and comparative study

To investigate the predictive performance of machine learning-based CT radiomics for differentiating between low- and high-nuclear grade of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCCs).

Authors: Yingjie Xv, Fajin Lv, Haoming Guo, Xiang Zhou, Hao Tan, Mingzhao Xiao and Yineng Zheng

Pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma with different ranges exhibiting different clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics

Pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma (PLADC) with different ranges might exhibit different imaging and clinicopathological features. This study divided PLADC into localized PLADC (L-PLADC) and diffuse PLADC (D-P...

Authors: Ji-wen Huo, Xing-tao Huang, Xian Li, Jun-wei Gong, Tian-you Luo and Qi Li

CT imaging of peritoneal carcinomatosis with surgical correlation: a pictorial review

Cytoreductive surgery in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has revolutionized the survival and the quality of life in selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Preoperative CT ...

Authors: Panagiota Berta Panagiotopoulou, Nikos Courcoutsakis, Apostolos Tentes and Panos Prassopoulos

Rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis: Pictorial Review

Mucormycosis (MCR) is a fulminant, potentially lethal, opportunistic fungal infection. Diabetes, immunocompromised states and elevated serum iron levels are the most important risk factors for contracting MCR ...

Authors: Vivek Pai, Rima Sansi, Ritesh Kharche, Sridevi Chaitanya Bandili and Bhujang Pai

Feasibility of utilizing ultra-low-dose contrast medium for pancreatic artery depiction using the combination of advanced virtual monoenergetic imaging and high-concentration contrast medium: an intra-patient study

The least amount of contrast medium (CM) should be used under the premise of adequate diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing ultra-low-dose (224 mgI/kg) CM for pancrea...

Authors: Juan Li, Yu-hong Wang, Fu-ling Zheng, Xin-yue Chen, Yun Lin, Cai-rong Zhu, Yi-fan Wu, Qiang Xu, Zheng-yu Jin and Hua-dan Xue

Impact of COVID-19 on radiology education in Europe: a survey by the ESR Radiology Trainees Forum (RTF)

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected radiology services around the globe. The impact of the crisis on radiology education in Europe has yet to be determined, in order to identify measures t...

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How does DICOM support big data management? Investigating its use in medical imaging community

The diagnostic imaging field is experiencing considerable growth, followed by increasing production of massive amounts of data. The lack of standardization and privacy concerns are considered the main barriers...

Authors: Marco Aiello, Giuseppina Esposito, Giulio Pagliari, Pasquale Borrelli, Valentina Brancato and Marco Salvatore

Diagnosing sarcopenia and myosteatosis based on chest computed tomography images in healthy Chinese adults

Measuring muscle mass and muscle quality based on chest Computed Tomography (CT) images would facilitate sarcopenia and myosteatosis research. We aimed (1) to measure muscle mass and myosteatosis based on ches...

Authors: Lingling Tan, Guiyi Ji, Ting Bao, Hongbo Fu, Ling Yang and Ming Yang

Deep learning-based fully automated Z-axis coverage range definition from scout scans to eliminate overscanning in chest CT imaging

Despite the prevalence of chest CT in the clinic, concerns about unoptimized protocols delivering high radiation doses to patients still remain. This study aimed to assess the additional radiation dose associa...

Authors: Yazdan Salimi, Isaac Shiri, Azadeh Akhavanallaf, Zahra Mansouri, Abdollah Saberi Manesh, Amirhossein Sanaat, Masoumeh Pakbin, Dariush Askari, Saleh Sandoughdaran, Ehsan Sharifipour, Hossein Arabi and Habib Zaidi

Potential role of epicardial adipose tissue as a biomarker of anthracycline cardiotoxicity

We investigated the radiodensity of epicardial (EAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) before and after treatment with anthracyclines in a population of breast cancer (BC) patients, and in...

Authors: Caterina Beatrice Monti, Simone Schiaffino, Maria Del Mar Galimberti Ortiz, Davide Capra, Moreno Zanardo, Elena De Benedictis, Alberto Gianluigi Luporini, Pietro Spagnolo, Francesco Secchi and Francesco Sardanelli

Impact of diagnostic errors on adverse outcomes: learning from emergency department revisits with repeat CT or MRI

To investigate diagnostic errors and their association with adverse outcomes (AOs) during patient revisits with repeat imaging (RVRIs) in the emergency department (ED).

Authors: Yura Ahn, Gil-Sun Hong, Kye Jin Park, Choong Wook Lee, Ju Hee Lee and Seon-Ok Kim

Insights into diastolic function analyses using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: impact of trabeculae and papillary muscles

This cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) study investigates the impact of trabeculae and papillary muscles (TPM) on diastolic function parameters by differentiation of the time-volume curve. Differentiatio...

Authors: Bjoern P. Schoennagel, Kai Müllerleile, Enver Tahir, Jitka Starekova, Regine Grosse, Jin Yamamura, Peter Bannas, Gerhard Adam and Roland Fischer

Limitations of cardiothoracic ratio derived from chest radiographs to predict real heart size: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging

Cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) in chest radiographs is still widely used to estimate cardiac size despite the advent of newer imaging techniques. We hypothesise that a universal CTR cut-off value of 50% is a poor ...

Authors: Paulius Simkus, Manuel Gutierrez Gimeno, Audra Banisauskaite, Jurate Noreikaite, David McCreavy, Diana Penha and Monika Arzanauskaite

Reply to Letter to the Editor on “Not all biases are bad: equitable and inequitable biases in machine learning and radiology”

Authors: Mirjam Pot and Barbara Prainsack

A meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of machine learning-based MRI in the prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients

Despite that machine learning (ML)-based MRI has been evaluated for diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in breast cancer patients, diagnostic values they showed have been variable. In this study...

Authors: Chen Chen, Yuhui Qin, Haotian Chen, Dongyong Zhu, Fabao Gao and Xiaoyue Zhou

The role of chest imaging in the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a major public health crisis all over the world. The role of chest imaging, especially computed tomography (CT), has evolved during the pandemic paralleli...

Authors: Shohei Inui, Wataru Gonoi, Ryo Kurokawa, Yudai Nakai, Yusuke Watanabe, Keita Sakurai, Masanori Ishida, Akira Fujikawa and Osamu Abe

Decoding intra-tumoral spatial heterogeneity on radiological images using the Hilbert curve

Current intra-tumoral heterogeneous feature extraction in radiology is limited to the use of a single slice or the region of interest within a few context-associated slices, and the decoding of intra-tumoral s...

Authors: Lu Wang, Nan Xu and Jiangdian Song

Imaging of congenital lung diseases presenting in the adulthood: a pictorial review

Congenital lung diseases in adults are rare diseases that can present with symptoms or be detected incidentally. Familiarity with the imaging features of different types of congenital lung diseases helps both ...

Authors: Gamze Durhan, Selin Ardali Duzgun, Meltem Gülsün Akpınar, Figen Demirkazık and Orhan Macit Arıyürek

Clinical applications of artificial intelligence and radiomics in neuro-oncology imaging

This article is a comprehensive review of the basic background, technique, and clinical applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics in the field of neuro-oncology. A variety of AI and radiomics ...

Authors: Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek, Ahmed Alksas, Mohamed Shehata, Amr AbdelKhalek, Khaled Abdel Baky, Ayman El-Baz and Eman Helmy

The brainstem in multiple sclerosis: MR identification of tracts and nuclei damage

To evaluate the 3D Fast Gray Acquisition T1 Inversion Recovery (FGATIR) sequence for MRI identification of brainstem tracts and nuclei damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.

Authors: Thien Huong Nguyen, Alexis Vaussy, Violette Le Gaudu, Jennifer Aboab, Sophie Espinoza, Irina Curajos, Emmanuel Heron and Christophe Habas

Single-center versus multi-center biparametric MRI radiomics approach for clinically significant peripheral zone prostate cancer

To investigate a previously developed radiomics-based biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) approach for discrimination of clinically significant peripheral zone prostate cancer (PZ csPCa) using mult...

Authors: Jeroen Bleker, Derya Yakar, Bram van Noort, Dennis Rouw, Igle Jan de Jong, Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx, Thomas C. Kwee and Henkjan Huisman

Magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of indeterminate breast (BIRADS 3 & 4A) in a general population

Currently, mammography and ultrasonography are the most used imaging techniques for breast cancer screening. However, these examinations report many indeterminate studies with a low probability of being malign...

Authors: Liliana Hernández, Gloria M. Díaz, Catalina Posada and Alejandro Llano-Sierra

Readability of patient education materials related to radiation safety: What are the implications for patient-centred radiology care?

Increasing numbers of patients and carers rely on online resources for healthcare information. Radiation safety can be misunderstood by patients and clinicians and lead to patient anxiety. We aimed to assess t...

Authors: Francis T. Delaney, Tiarnán Ó. Doinn, James M. Broderick and Emma Stanley

Radiomic features of breast parenchyma: assessing differences between FOR PROCESSING and FOR PRESENTATION digital mammography

To assess the similarity and differences of radiomics features on full field digital mammography (FFDM) in FOR PROCESSING and FOR PRESENTATION data.

Authors: Mario Sansone, Roberta Grassi, Maria Paola Belfiore, Gianluca Gatta, Francesca Grassi, Fabio Pinto, Giorgia Viola La Casella, Roberta Fusco, Salvatore Cappabianca, Vincenza Granata and Roberto Grassi

Noninvasive assessment of kidney dysfunction in children by using blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging

To explore whether multiparametric approach including blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) can be applied in the assessment of...

Authors: Ping Liang, Yaxian Chen, ShiChao Li, Chuou Xu, Guanjie Yuan, Daoyu Hu, Ihab Kamel, Yu Zhang and Zhen Li

2D-shear wave elastography: number of acquisitions can be reduced according to clinical setting

The factors affecting intra-operator variability of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) have not been clearly established. We evaluated 2D-SWE variability according to the number of measurements, ...

Authors: Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Jules Grégory, Maxime Ronot, Riccardo Sartoris, Gilles Chatellier and Valérie Vilgrain

Insight into gastrointestinal heterotopic pancreas: imaging evaluation and differential diagnosis

Heterotopic pancreas (HP) is an uncommon congenital abnormality in the developmental process of the pancreas, with gastrointestinal heterotopic pancreas (GHP) being the most common HP. The clinical manifestati...

Authors: Cai-Wei Yang, Feng Che, Xi-Jiao Liu, Yuan Yin, Bo Zhang and Bin Song

Predictive ability of CT findings in the differentiation of complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis: a retrospective investigation of 201 patients undergone appendectomy at initial admission

Paradigm shift toward nonoperative management (NOM) of adult appendicitis has made computed tomography (CT) more important than ever, particularly in differentiating complicated from uncomplicated disease. Com...

Authors: Jidapa Iamwat, Wanwarang Teerasamit, Piyaporn Apisarnthanarak, Napakadol Noppakunsomboon and Rathachai Kaewlai

Clinical and imaging features of carcinosarcoma of the uterus and cervix

The purpose of our study was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) and cervical carcinosarcoma (CCS), and to explore the diagnostic and staging accuracy of computed tomog...

Authors: Liming Li, Wenpeng Huang, Kangkang Xue, Leiyu Feng, Yijing Han, Rui Wang and Jianbo Gao

Online teaching in radiology as a pilot model for modernizing medical education: results of an international study in cooperation with the ESR

Due to the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it proved necessary to rapidly change medical education from on-site to online teaching. Thus, medical educators were forced to rethink the purpo...

Authors: Fabian Stoehr, Lukas Müller, Adrian P. Brady, Carlo Catalano, Peter Mildenberger, Aline Mähringer-Kunz, Felix Hahn, Christoph Düber, Erkan Celik, Elisabeth Diehl, Pavel Dietz, Daniel Pinto dos Santos and Roman Kloeckner

Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography

The elbow is a complex joint whose biomechanical function is granted by the interplay and synergy of various anatomical structures. Articular stability is achieved by both static and dynamic constraints, which...

Authors: Andrea Zagarella, Giulia Signorelli, Giulia Muscogiuri, Roberta Colombo, Gianluca Folco, Paolo Arrigoni, Mattia Radici, Pietro Simone Randelli and Mauro Battista Gallazzi

The current status of uptake of European Basic Safety Standard (2013/59/Euratom) requirements: results of a follow-up survey in European radiology departments

The recently implemented European Council Basic Safety Standards Directive (BSSD), 2013/59/Euratom lays down core radiation protection standards for European radiology departments, including a mandatory requir...

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Spectral CT of the abdomen: Where are we now?

Spectral CT adds a new dimension to radiological evaluation, beyond assessment of anatomical abnormalities. Spectral data allows for detection of specific materials, improves image quality while at the same ti...

Authors: Sharon Z. Adam, Aviad Rabinowich, Rivka Kessner and Arye Blachar

Triple guidance of choledochoscopy, ultrasonography, and computed tomography facilitates percutaneous catheter drainage of infected walled-off necrosis

Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) is usually performed to treat acute pancreatitis complicated by infected walled-off necrosis (WON). Insufficient drainage of infected WON may lead to a prolonged recovery p...

Authors: Hui Zhang, Xu-dong Wen, Xiao Ma, Yong-qiang Zhu, Zhi-wei Jiang, Shang-qing Huang, Tao Wang and Wei-hui Liu

Challenges and opportunities to delivering cardiac imaging training: a national survey by the Italian college of cardiac radiology

Delivering consistent levels of training in cardiac imaging to radiologist is of pivotal importance because of the increasing clinical indications to coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and cardiac...

Authors: Marco Gatti, Carlo Liguori, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Riccardo Faletti, Serena Dell’Aversana, Patrizia Toia, Gianluca De Rubeis, Paolo Di Renzi, Vincenzo Russo, Gesualdo Polizzi, Nicola Galea, Antonio Esposito and Marco Francone

Computed tomography-based multiple body composition parameters predict outcomes in Crohn’s disease

The efficacy of computed tomography-based multiple body composition parameters in assessing disease behavior and prognosis has not been comprehensively evaluated in Crohn’s disease. This study aimed to assess ...

Authors: Ziling Zhou, Ziman Xiong, Qingguo Xie, Peng Xiao, Qingpeng Zhang, Jian Gu, Jing Li, Daoyu Hu, Xuemei Hu, Yaqi Shen and Zhen Li

Meniscal ramp lesions: an illustrated review

The purpose of this review is to describe the anatomy and lesions affecting the peripheral portion of posterior horn of medial menisci (ramp lesions), along with illustrations and MRI cases. We will correlate ...

Authors: Atul K. Taneja, Frederico C. Miranda, Laercio A. Rosemberg and Durval C. B. Santos

Cost-effectiveness of artificial intelligence aided vessel occlusion detection in acute stroke: an early health technology assessment

Limited evidence is available on the clinical impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology. Early health technology assessment (HTA) is a methodology to assess the potential value of an innovation at an...

Authors: Kicky G. van Leeuwen, Frederick J. A. Meijer, Steven Schalekamp, Matthieu J. C. M. Rutten, Ewoud J. van Dijk, Bram van Ginneken, Tim M. Govers and Maarten de Rooij

A semiquantitative color Doppler ultrasound scoring system for evaluation of synovitis in joints of patients with blood-induced arthropathy

Intra-articular bleeds in patients with inherited bleeding disorders lead to active synovitis which may progress to a chronic state over time. We explored the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound in de...

Authors: Ningning Zhang, Sheng Yang, Anne-Fleur Zwagemaker, Aihua Huo, Ying-Jia Li, Fang Zhou, Pamela Hilliard, Sandra Squire, Vanessa Bouskill, Arun Mohanta, Alex Zhou, Jose Jarrin, Runhui Wu, Jing Sun, Brian Luke, Rahim Moineddin…

Vulvar cancer staging: guidelines of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)

The aim of the Female Pelvic Imaging Working Group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) was to develop imaging staging guidelines for vulvar cancer and to propose standardised MRI protocols a...

Authors: Olivera Nikolić, Filipa Alves e Sousa, Teresa Margarida Cunha, Marijana Basta Nikolić, M. Milagros Otero-García, Benedetta Gui, Stephanie Nougaret and Henrik Leonhardt