Table 2 Cox regression analysis for a progression of eGFR categories within 5 years among propensity score-matched participants

Low kidney volume group

1.52

1.03–2.23

0.04

1.64

1.09–2.45

0.02

Sex (male)

1.12

0.74–1.69

0.59

1.00

0.61–1.63

0.99

Age (ref: 40–49 years old)

 50–59

1.56

0.92–2.64

0.10

1.35

0.77–2.37

0.30

 60–69

1.72

0.98–3.03

0.06

1.42

0.75–2.70

0.28

 ≧ 70

3.12

1.70–5.71

 < 0.01

1.91

0.93–3.92

0.08

BMI (ref: 18.5–25)

  > 25

1.14

0.72–1.80

0.58

1.13

0.68–1.86

0.64

  < 18.5

0.83

0.33–2.04

0.68

0.80

0.31–2.09

0.65

Current smoker

0.67

0.37–1.22

0.19

0.72

0.38–1.36

0.31

Hypertension

1.36

0.93–1.99

0.12

1.27

0.83–1.94

0.27

Diabetes

0.71

0.26–1.94

0.51

0.45

0.15–1.32

0.14

Low EF

1.45

0.20–10.38

0.71

1.71

0.22–13.49

0.61

eGFR (ref: ≧ 80 mL/min/1.73 m²)

 70–79

5.47

0.70–42.71

0.11

4.94

0.63–38.64

0.13

 60–69

65.13

9.08–467.24

 < 0.01

56.27

7.81–405.35

 < 0.01

Low serum albumin

1.39

0.93–2.07

0.11

1.08

0.70–1.67

0.73

High serum uric acid

1.70

1.16–2.50

0.01

1.37

0.87–2.15

0.18

Hematuria (≧ 2 +)

1.18

0.48–2.91

0.71

1.78

0.66–4.81

0.26

Proteinuria (≧ 2 +)

1.02

0.14–7.32

0.98

0.60

0.07–4.85

0.63