Table 2 Clinical features of each HCC nodule
Clinical features | Training cohort (n = 193) | Validation cohort (n = 84) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pHCC (n = 48) | npHCC (n = 145) | p value | pHCC (n = 26) | npHCC (n = 58) | p value | |
Tumor size (cm) | 6.00 ± 3.95 | 4.15 ± 2.45 | 0.002 | 5.78 ± 3.44 | 4.63 ± 2.82 | 0.158 |
Non-smooth margin (n, %) | 29 (60.42) | 45 (31.03) | < 0.001 | 15 (57.69) | 19 (32.76) | 0.056 |
Irregular shape (n, %) | 30 (62.50) | 51 (35.17) | 0.002 | 16 (61.54) | 21 (36.21) | 0.054 |
NAPHE (n, %) | 47 (97.92) | 140 (96.55) | 1.0 | 26 (100.00) | 57 (98.28) | 1.0 |
Non-peripheral washout (n, %) | 47 (97.92) | 135 (93.10) | 0.375 | 25 (96.15) | 56 (96.55) | 1.0 |
Enhancing capsule (n, %) | 44 (91.67) | 137 (94.48) | 0.722 | 23 (88.46) | 52 (89.66) | 1.0 |
Nodule-in-nodule (n, %) | 6 (12.50) | 10 (6.90) | 0.358 | 1 (3.85) | 3 (5.17) | 1.0 |
Mosaic architecture (n, %) | 27 (56.25) | 43 (29.66) | 0.002 | 13 (50.00) | 24 (41.38) | 0.618 |
Intratumoral blood products (n, %) | 21 (43.75) | 35 (24.14) | 0.016 | 10 (38.46) | 15 (25.86) | 0.363 |
Intratumoral fat content (n, %) | 23 (47.92) | 38 (26.21) | 0.009 | 12 (46.15) | 19 (32.76) | 0.352 |
Mild-moderate T2 hyperintensity (n, %) | 48 (100.00) | 145 (100.00) | 1.0 | 26 (100.00) | 58 (100.00) | 1.0 |
Corona enhancement (n, %) | 26 (54.17) | 41 (28.28) | 0.002 | 13 (50.00) | 22 (37.93) | 0.425 |
Iron sparing (n, %) | 41 (85.42) | 134 (92.41) | 0.247 | 23 (88.46) | 53 (91.38) | 0.985 |