Comparison contrast-enhanced CT with contrast-enhanced US in diagnosing combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score-matched study

Insights into Imaging

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for diagnosing cHCC-CCA with the CEUS-predominant and CECT-predominant models

Variables	Univariable analysis			Multivariable analysis
Variables	β	OR (95% CI)	p value	β	OR (95% CI)	p value
*The CEUS-predominant model*
CA19-9 level > 100 (U/mL)	1.705	5.500 (1.023, 29.567)	0.047	..	..	..
Unclear boundary in the intratumoral nonenhanced area	1.4	4.054 (1.872, 8.780)	< 0.001	1.017	2.765 (1.209, 6.541)	0.018
Partial washout	1.306	3.692 (1.709, 7.977)	0.001	0.958	2.607 (1.152, 6.079)	0.023
Hypoenhancement in the PVP	− 1.485	0.227 (0.081, 0.631)	0.045	..	..	..
*The CECT-predominant model*
CA19-9 level > 100 (U/mL)	1.705	5.500 (1.023, 29.567)	0.047	2.149	8.573 (1.217, 82.845)	0.038
Cirrhosis	− 1.018	0.361 (0.173, 0.756)	0.007	− 1.179	0.308 (0.113, 0.795)	0.017
Rim APHE^a	2.334	10.324 (3.489, 30.538)	< 0.001	..	..	..
Peripheral washout	2.104	8.200 (3.222, 20.871)	< 0.001	..	..	..
Nonrim APHE volume < 50%	2.285	9.828 (4.139, 23.335)	< 0.001	2.414	11.180 (3.475, 41.419)	< 0.001
Nonperipheral washout volume < 50%	1.342	3.826 (1.754, 8.347)	0.001	..	..	..
Incomplete tumor capsule	1.325	3.763 (1.771, 7.997)	0.001	1.944	7.348 (2.394, 25.929)	< 0.001
Tumor growth subtype 2 or 3^b	− 0.750	0.472 (0.225, 0.984)	0.045	..	..	..
Lesion with LR-M features^c	2.105	8.208 (3.471, 19.410)	< 0.001	..	..	..

cHCC-CCA combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, CEUS contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CECT contrast-enhanced computed tomography, CA 19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19-9, OR odds ratio, PVP portal venous phase, APHE arterial phase hyperenhancement, CI confidence interval, LR liver imaging reporting and data system category
^aCollinearity exists among these variables (the same words on the right upper), variables with higher odds ratio were used by multivariate regression analysis
^bTumor growth subtype: type 2 (single nodule with extranodular growth); type 3 (multiple confluent nodules)
^cLesion with LR-M features means that lesions have LR-M category feature accompanying with/without tumor thrombus in vascular on CECT