Diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Insights into Imaging

Table 3 Meta-regression and subgroup analysis of the included studies

Variables	Subgroup	Number of studies	Sensitivity, 95% CI	p	Specificity, 95% CI	p
Study design	Prospective	5	0.91 [0.85–0.97]	0.38	0.71 [0.55–0.87]	0.41
Study design	Retrospective	3	0.84 [0.74–0.94]		0.75 [0.56–0.94]
Elastography technique	SWE	3	0.90 [0.80–0.99]	0.30	0.71 [0.51–0.90]	0.45
Elastography technique	SE	5	0.88 [0.81–0.94]		0.74 [0.58–0.89]
Reference standard	RP	3	0.88 [0.79–0.97]	0.10	0.71 [0.52–0.91]	0.50
Reference standard	Biopsy	5	0.88 [0.82–0.95]		0.73 [0.58–0.88]
Definition of PCa	csPCa	4	0.81 [0.74–0.88]	< 0.01	0.62 [0.46–0.77]	0.02
Definition of PCa	Any PCa	4	0.92 [0.88–0.96]		0.82 [0.70–0.93]

Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, csPCa clinically significant PCa, PCa prostate cancer, RP radical prostatectomy, SE strain elastography, SWE shear-wave elastography