Table 1 The baseline clinic-radiological, pathologic characteristics of ICC patents in the training and validation cohorts
Characteristics | Training cohort (n = 86) | Validation cohort (n = 30) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative factors | |||
 Age ≥ 60, n (%) | 36 (41.9%) | 10 (33.3%) | 0.411 |
 Male, n (%) | 46 (53.5%) | 15 (50%) | 0.742 |
 HBV-positive, n (%) | 52 (60.5%) | 16 (53.3%) | 0.495 |
 Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 42 (48.8%) | 14 (46.7%) | 0.838 |
 Liver steatosis, n (%) | 23 (26.7%) | 7 (23.3%) | 0.713 |
 CA199 > 37 U/ml, n (%) | 38 (44.2%) | 14 (46.7%) | 0.814 |
 Location, n (%) |  |  | 0.859 |
  Left lobe | 50 (58.1%) | 18 (60%) |  |
  Right lobe | 36 (41.9%) | 12 (40%) |  |
 Subcapsular, n (%) | 62 (72.1%) | 21 (70%) | 0.827 |
 Satellite nodules, n (%) | 11 (12.8%) | 8 (26.7%) | 0.138 |
 Regular morphology, n (%) | 8 (9.3%) | 4 (13.3%) | 0.782 |
 Well-defined border, n (%) | 78 (90.7%) | 27 (90%) | 1.000 |
 Number, n (%) |  |  | 0.231 |
  1 | 80 (93%) | 25 (83.3%) |  |
  > 1 | 6 (7%) | 5 (16.7%) |  |
 Diameter > 5 cm, n (%) | 46 (53.5%) | 16 (53.3%) | 0.988 |
 Macrovascular invasion, n (%) | 73 (84.9%) | 24 (80%) | 0.737 |
 Suspicious lymph node metastasis, n (%) | 21 (24.4%) | 6 (20%) | 0.622 |
 AJCC 8th stage, n (%) |  |  | 0.288 |
  1 | 47 (54.7%) | 16 (53.3%) |  |
  2 | 13 (15.1%) | 8 (26.7%) |  |
  3 | 26 (30.2%) | 6 (20%) |  |
 CT non-enhanced scan density, n (%) |  |  | 0.255 |
  Homogeneous low | 15 (17.4%) | 2 (6.7%) |  |
  Inhomogeneous low | 71 (82.6%) | 28 (93.3%) |  |
 Arterial diffuse hyperenhancement, n (%) | 18 (20.9%) | 5 (16.7%) | 0.614 |
 Arterial peripheral rim enhancement, n (%) | 46 (53.5%) | 18 (60%) | 0.537 |
 Arterial diffuse hypoenhancement, n (%) | 22 (25.6%) | 7 (23.3%) | 0.807 |
 Centripetal enhancement, n (%) | 40 (46.5%) | 14 (46.7%) | 0.988 |
 Wash in and wash out, n (%) | 13 (15.1%) | 5 (16.7%) | 1.000 |
 Persistent enhancement, n (%) | 19 (22.1%) | 8 (26.7%) | 0.610 |
 Peritumoral arterial enhancement, n (%) | 25 (29.1%) | 11 (36.7%) | 0.439 |
 Intra-tumoral vessels, n (%) | 13 (15.1%) | 3 (10%) | 0.695 |
 Portal thrombus, n (%) | 10 (11.6%) | 3 (10%) | 1.000 |
 Biliary dilatation, n (%) | 21 (24.4%) | 7 (23.3%) | 0.905 |
 Hepatic capsule retraction, n (%) | 61 (70.9%) | 21 (70%) | 0.923 |
Postoperative factors | |||
 TLSs-positive, n (%) | 27 (31.4%) | 10 (33.3%) | 0.845 |
 Differentiation, n (%) |  |  | 0.951 |
  Poor | 55 (64%) | 19 (63.3%) |  |
  Well-moderate | 31 (36%) | 11 (36.7%) |  |
 Nerve invasion, n (%) | 25 (29.1%) | 5 (16.7%) | 0.182 |
 MVI-positive, n (%) | 29 (33.7%) | 9 (30%) | 0.708 |
 Necrosis, n (%) | 76 (88.4%) | 28 (93.3%) | 0.674 |
 Type of hepatic resection, n (%) |  |  | 0.699 |
  Major | 31 (36%) | 12 (40%) |  |
  Minor | 55 (64%) | 18 (60%) |  |
 Adjuvant therapy, n (%) | 29 (33.7%) | 8 (26.7%) | 0.475 |