Table 1 Summary of clinical and conventional imaging features

Clinical features

 Age (years)

Median (range)

59 (6–85)

58 (15–88)

 Gender (n, %)

Male

76 (53.5%)

32 (61.5%)

Female

66 (46.5%)

20 (38.5%)

 Primary histology (n, %)

Lung

49 (34.5%)

16 (30.8%)

Abdominal

48 (33.8%)

24 (46.2%)

Other

45 (31.7%)

12 (23.1%)

 No. of spinal lesions (n, %)

Single

106 (74.6%)

29 (55.8%)

Multiple

36 (25.4%)

23 (44.2%)

 Lymphatic metastasis (n, %)

No

115 (81.0%)

34 (65.4%)

Yes

27 (19.0%)

18 (34.6%)

 Visceral metastasis (n, %)

No

134 (94.4%)

46 (88.5%)

Yes

8 (5.6%)

6 (11.5%)

 Dose/fraction (n, %)

18–24 Gy/1f

21 (14.8%)

7 (13.5%)

24–30 Gy/3f

69 (48.6%)

22 (42.3%)

30–40 Gy/5f

42 (29.6%)

17 (32.7%)

Other

10 (7.0%)

6 (11.5%)

 Pain score

0–3

29 (20.4%)

4 (7.7%)

4–6

71 (50.0%)

24 (46.2%)

7–10

42 (29.6%)

24 (46.2%)

 KPS score (n, %)

0–70

64 (45.1%)

35 (67.3%)

80–100

78 (54.9%)

17 (32.7%)

 SINS

0–6

48 (33.8%)

11 (21.2%)

7–12

87 (61.3%)

35 (67.3%)

13–18

7 (4.9%)

6 (11.5%)

Conventional imaging features

 Location (n, %)

Cervical

26 (18.3%)

13 (25.0%)

Thoracic

69 (48.6%)

23 (44.2%)

Lumbar

43 (30.3%)

13 (25.0%)

Sacral

4 (2.8%)

3 (5.8%)

 Bone destruction pattern (n, %)

Osteolytic

109 (76.8%)

37 (71.2%)

Osteoblastic

14 (9.9%)

5 (9.6%)

Mixed

19 (13.4%)

10 (19.2%)

 Soft-tissue mass (n, %)

No

31 (21.8%)

9 (17.3%)

Yes

111 (78.2%)

43 (82.7%)

 Vertebral body involvement (n, %)

No

10 (7.0%)

4 (7.7%)

Yes

132 (93.0%)

48 (92.3%)

 Pedicle involvement (n, %)

No

62 (43.7%)

18 (34.6%)

Yes

80 (56.3%)

34 (65.4%)

 Lamina involvement (n, %)

No

89 (62.7%)

30 (57.7%)

Yes

53 (37.3%)

22 (42.3%)

 Compression fracture (n, %)

No

115 (81.0%)

35 (67.3%)

Yes

27 (19.0%)

17 (32.7%)

 Bilsky scale (n, %)

0–1

109 (76.8%)

29 (55.8%)

2–3

33 (23.2%)

23 (44.2%)