Table 3 Sex-specific abdominal adipose tissue measurements stratified by WHO/ISUP grade

Age (years)

54.6 ± 10.9

56.9 ± 11.5

0.099

56.1 ± 10.2

59.4 ± 11.6

0.101

Size (cm)

4.1 ± 1.9

6.1 ± 2.6

< 0.001^*

4.5 ± 2.2

6.6 ± 2.7

< 0.001^*

BMI (kg/m²)

24.9 ± 3.2

23.9 ± 3.1

0.028^*

23.9 ± 3.8

23.0 ± 3.3

0.194

SAT (mm²)

12,716.1 ± 5288.9

11,631.7 ± 4869.2

0.335

15,910.6 ± 6583.7

13,478.0 ± 4823.5

0.133

VAT (mm²)

15,862.3 ± 7729.6

12,672.6 ± 7257.4

0.004^*

10,452.1 ± 5858.6

8434.8 ± 4419.6

0.057

IMAT (mm²)

790.0 ± 480.3

930.6 ± 477.3

0.014^*

754.3 ± 450.3

1005.8 ± 500.3

0.004^*

TAT (mm²)

29,368.4 ± 11,468.7

25,234.9 ± 11,656.3

0.012^*

27,117.1 ± 11,171.1

22,918.6 ± 8182.4

0.037^*

SFI (cm²/m²)

43.7 ± 17.9

40.3 ± 16.4

0.392

62.4 ± 25.6

54.3 ± 19.2

0.297

VFI (cm²/m²)

54.6 ± 26.6

43.9 ± 25.0

0.004^*

41.1 ± 23.2

34.1 ± 18.1

0.096

IFI (cm²/m²)

2.7 ± 1.6

3.2 ± 1.7

0.009^*

3.0 ± 1.8

4.1 ± 2.0

0.002^*

TFI (cm²/m²)

101.0 ± 39.0

87.4 ± 39.9

0.018^*

106.4 ± 43.9

92.4 ± 33.2

0.174

rVAT (%)

51.9 ± 11.7

47.2 ± 10.2

0.002^*

36.6 ± 11.5

35.6 ± 10.3

0.629