Table 1 Basic characteristics of included study for quantitative analysis (MRI-inclusive nomograms)
Author (publication year) | Study characteristics | Clinical characteristics | MRI characteristics | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | TRIPOD style | No. of patients | EPE rate | Whole-gland vs. side-specific | Clinical predictors | MRI unit | Tesla | Coil | Slice thichness/gap(mm) | MRI predictor(s) | |
Alves 2020 [38] | Brazil | 4 | 72 | 0.46 | Whole-gland | biopsy GS | Philips | 1.5 | Body | ND | ADC, EPE on T2WI, tumor volume |
Bai 2021 [39] | China | 3 | 126 | 0.38 | Whole-gland | PSA, biopsy GS | Siemens, GE, UIH | 3 | Pelvic | 3–5/0–1 | Peritumoral region radiomics features |
Chen 2023 [48] | China | 2b | 304 | 0.38 | Whole-gland | biopsy GS, number of positive cores | Siemens | 3 | Body | ND | Largest dimension, EPE |
Giganti 2016 [40] | Italy | 3 | 101 | 0.50 | Whole-gland | biopsy GS | Philips | 1.5 | Endorectal | ND | ADC, EPE on T2WI, tumor volume |
Guerra 2022 [49] | Portugal | 3 | 228 | 0.26 | Whole-gland | biopsy GS | Siemens | 3 | Pelvic | ND | Capsular disruption, CCL, EPE on MRI |
Hara 2013 [41] | Tokyo | 3 | 266 | 0.50 | Side-specific | biopsy GS, biopsy cores ≥ 2 and maximum % of positive cores ≥ 31% on either side | Siemens | 3 | Body | 0.73 | DWI positivity |
He 2021 [42] | China | 2a | 81 | 0.50 | Whole-gland | biopsy GS, positive core percentage | Siemens | 3 | Body | 3/0 | Radiomics features on ADC |
Hou 2021 [43] | China | 3 | 849 | 0.28 | Whole-gland | PSA, age, biopsy GS, % of positive cores, biopsy perineural invasion | Siemens | 3 | Pelvic | 3.5 | PAGNet model |
Lebacle 2016 [44] | France | 2a | 1743 | 0.31 | Whole-gland | PSA > 5 ng/ml, cT2 or T3, bGS ≥ 7, prostate weigh > 50 g | ND | ND | ND | ND | EPE stage iT3a or iT3b |
Majchrzak 2021 [58] | Poland | 1a | 61 | 0.22 | Side-specific | PSA, biopsy GS, maximum % of positive cores | GE or Siemens | 1.5 or 3 | ND | ND | EPE on MRI |
Soeterik 2020 [29] | The Netherlands | 4 | 550 | 0.32 | Side-specific | PSA, biopsy GS, maximum % of positive cores | ND | ND | ND | ND | EPE on MRI |
Wang 2018 [59] | China | 1a | 541 | 0.54 | Whole-gland | Partin Table 2017 | Siemens | 3 | Pelvic | 3.5/0.3 | Tumor location, MTD, PIRADS, MR stage |
Xiang 2022 [62] | China | 1a | 105 | 0.42 | Whole-gland | MSKCC | Siemens | 1.5 | ND | ND | EPE grade |
Xu 2020 [45] | China | 2a | 128 | 0.38 | Per-lesion | PSA, biopsy GS | GE | 3 | Body | 3 | Radiomic score |
Xu 2021 [60] | China | 1a | 130 | 0.48 | Whole-gland | PSAD | GE | 3 | Body | 3 | EPE grade, PIRADS |
Zanelli 2019 [61] | Italy | 1a | 73 | 0.33 | Whole-gland | Partin2012, MSKCC2004, CAPRA2017 | Philips | 3 | Body | 3/0 | mpMRI stage |
Zapała 2019 [46] | Poland | 1b | 88 | 0.30 | Side-specific | PSA ≥ 20, % of positive cores ≥ 15% | Philips | 1.5 | Endorectal | ND | MTD ≥ 15 mm |
Zapała 2021 [47] | Poland | 4 | 154 | 0.23 | Side-specific | PSA ≥ 20, % of positive cores ≥ 15% | Philips | 3 | Non-endorectal | ND | MTD ≥ 15 mm |