Fig. 11

Additional sonographic findings of the axilla. Longitudinal scans (A–C) show a massive thrombosis (yellow asterisks) of the axillary vein (AV) coupled with a globular lymph node (LN) in a patient with neoplastic disease. Accessory breast tissue (white dotted line) is usually located in between the subcutis (SUBC) and muscle planes (D) showing a peculiar sonographic pattern with hyperechoic fibroductal matrix, hypoechoic fat islands and poor vascular signals in normal conditions (E). Articular effusion (white asterisks) distending the axillary recess (yellow line) can be easily identified using the standing position in a patient with glenohumeral osteoarthritis (F). HH Himeral head, G Glena, L Labrum