Table 1 Clinical characteristics, laboratory indices and equilibrium phase dual-energy CT parameters of patients in the training and validation groups
Variable | Total (n = 307) | Training Group (n = 215) | Validation Group (n = 92) | T/U/χ2 value | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 50.1 ± 9.5 | 50.0 ± 9.8 | 50.4 ± 9.0 | − 0.405 | 0.686 |
Sex (male/female) | 195/112 | 138/77 | 57/35 | 0.138 | 0.710 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 3.2 | 23.3 ± 3.2 | 23.6 ± 3.3 | − 0.851 | 0.395 |
Infections, n (%) | 107 (34.9%) | 72 (33.5%) | 35 (38.0%) | 0.589 | 0.443 |
Gastrointestinal bleeding, n (%) | 79 (25.7%) | 55 (25.6%) | 24 (26.1%) | 0.009 | 0.926 |
Ascites, n (%) | 239 (77.9%) | 167 (77.7%) | 72 (78.3%) | 0.013 | 0.910 |
Hepatic encephalopathy, n (%) | 13 (4.2%) | 8 (3.7%) | 5 (5.4%) | 0.467 | 0.495 |
History of HBV (years) | 2.0 (0.0, 10.7) | 2.7 (0.0, 10.8) | 0.8 (0.0, 10.6) | − 1.205 | 0.228 |
Antiviral therapy, n (%) | 117 (38.1%) | 88 (40.9%) | 29 (31.5%) | 2.418 | 0.120 |
Antiviral during follow-up, n (%) | 217 (70.7%) | 155 (72.1%) | 62 (67.4%) | 0.687 | 0.407 |
HBeAg, n (%) | |||||
Positive | 204 (66.4%) | 134 (62.3%) | 70 (76.1%) | 5.473 | 0.019 |
Negative | 103 (33.6%) | 81 (37.7%) | 22 (23.9%) | ||
Lg HBV-DNA (copies/mL) | 4.0 (2.5, 6.1) | 3.5 (2.5, 6.0) | 4.9 (2.7, 6.3) | − 1.908 | 0.056 |
Urea (mmol/L) | 5.4 (4.3, 7.0) | 5.5 (4.3, 7.0) | 5.4 (4.1, 7.2) | − 0.434 | 0.664 |
Creatinine (umol/L) | 66.0 (57.0, 77.0) | 66.0 (57.0, 77.0) | 67.0 (56.1, 78.3) | − 0.178 | 0.858 |
Na+ (mmol/L) | 139.0 (137.0, 141.0) | 139.0 (137.0, 141.0) | 139.0 (137.0, 141.0) | − 0.058 | 0.954 |
ALT (U/L) | 35.0 (24.0, 52.0) | 35.0 (24.0, 50.0) | 35.0 (25.3, 52.8) | − 0.376 | 0.707 |
AST (U/L) | 45.0 (31.0, 65.0) | 44.0 (30.0, 65.0) | 45.5 (32.3, 65.8) | − 0.514 | 0.607 |
GGT (U/L) | 33.0 (20.0, 61.0) | 32.0 (20.0, 61.0) | 35.5 (21.3, 61.8) | − 0.622 | 0.534 |
ALP (U/L) | 103.0 (82.0, 130.0) | 102.0 (82.0, 130.0) | 111.0 (86.0, 132.3) | − 0.926 | 0.355 |
ALB (g/L) | 33.1 ± 6.2 | 33.6 ± 6.2 | 31.8 ± 6.2 | 2.275 | 0.024 |
TB (umol/L) | 28.5 (17.8, 42.3) | 28.5 (18.0, 43.3) | 29.5 (17.7, 42.1) | − 0.156 | 0.876 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.6 (2.1, 3.1) | 2.6 (2.1, 3.1) | 2.6 (2.1, 3.2) | − 0.038 | 0.970 |
WBC (10^9/L) | 3.6 (2.3, 4.8) | 3.4 (2.3, 4.8) | 3.7 (2.3, 4.8) | − 0.482 | 0.630 |
PLT (10^9/L) | 56.0 (39.0, 74.0) | 54.0 (37.0, 73.0) | 59.0 (42.3, 82.5) | − 1.545 | 0.122 |
HCT (L/L) | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.34 ± 0.07 | 0.657 | 0.512 |
PT (s) | 14.9 (13.4, 16.4) | 14.8 (13.4, 16.3) | 15.0 (13.3, 16.4) | − 0.263 | 0.793 |
PTA (%) | 62.6 (53.8, 74.2) | 62.6 (53.8, 74.2) | 63.1 (54.1, 75.1) | − 0.135 | 0.892 |
INR | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | − 0.828 | 0.408 |
CTP score | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 8.0 (7.0, 9.0) | − 1.498 | 0.134 |
MELD score | 11.5 (9.1, 13.9) | 11.4 (9.1, 13.9) | 11.5 (9.1, 14.4) | − 0.466 | 0.641 |
MELD-Na score | 12.2 (10.1, 15.5) | 12.2 (10.1, 15.5) | 12.1 (10.0, 16.4) | − 0.214 | 0.831 |
CLIF-C ADs | 38.6 (34.2, 44.3) | 38.6 (33.8, 44.5) | 38.6 (34.7, 43.5) | − 0.108 | 0.914 |
IC | 20.3 ± 4.5 | 20.1 ± 4.6 | 20.7 ± 4.3 | − 1.176 | 0.240 |
Z | 8.8 ± 0.2 | 8.7 ± 0.2 | 8.8 ± 0.2 | − 1.194 | 0.234 |
K140 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | − 1.113 | 0.267 |
ECVIC-liver | 33.1 ± 5.5 | 33.0 ± 5.8 | 33.5 ± 5.0 | − 0.725 | 0.469 |
90-day ACLF development, n (%) | 65 (21.2%) | 47 (21.9%) | 18 (19.6%) | 0.203 | 0.652 |