Noninvasive assessment of clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with IgA nephropathy by diffusion kurtosis imaging

Insights into Imaging

Table 2 Baseline clinical data and diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters

Characteristics	Control group	eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min	eGFR < 60 mL/min	P^α	P^β	P^γ
Clinical data
No. of patients	14	19	9
Males/females	6/8	10/9	5/4	0.579	0.552	0.885
Age, year	44.86 ± 13.65	36.37 ± 9.49	43.33 ± 10.28	0.038	0.752	0.132
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²	106.47 ± 9.79	89.20 ± 22.62	35.53 ± 13.82	0.008	< 0.001	< 0.001
SCr, μmol/L	58.00 ± 16.68	82.79 ± 20.21	190.11 ± 49.45	0.016	< 0.001	< 0.001
Uric acid, mg/dL	247.71 ± 106.26	326.66 ± 90.67	430.88 ± 91.31	0.025	< 0.001	0.011
BUN, mg/dL	4.11 ± 1.61	5.74 ± 1.38	9.18 ± 2.98	0.019	< 0.001	< 0.001
DKI metrics
MK_Cortex	0.536 ± 0.011	0.571 ± 0.028	0.629 ± 0.053	0.002	< 0.001	< 0.001
MD_Cortex	3.031 ± 0.320	2.963 ± 0.235	2.553 ± 0.207	0.462	< 0.001	< 0.001
ADC_Cortex	1.937 ± 0.142	1.836 ± 0.105	1.702 ± 0.084	0.017	< 0.001	0.006
MK_Medulla	0.564 ± 0.030	0.581 ± 0.027	0.633 ± 0.025	0.100	< 0.001	< 0.001
MD_Medulla	2.592 ± 0.363	2.691 ± 0.319	2.459 ± 0.198	0.378	0.327	0.076
ADC_Medulla	1.744 ± 0.101	1.737 ± 0.086	1.632 ± 0.113	0.843	0.010	0.010

eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SCr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; MK, mean kurtosis; MD, mean diffusivity; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient
^αRepresents the comparison of parameters between control group and eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min
^βRepresents the comparison of parameters between control group and eGFR < 60 mL/min
^γRepresents the comparison of parameters between eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min and eGFR < 60 mL/min