Fig. 12

CT-arthrography sagittal (a, d, g), axial (b, e, h) and coronal (c, f, i) images belonging to three patients, two of which display different SMILE stages involving the AL (white arrows). Intact annular ligament (AL) of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) complex (a–c). Loose AL with no evidence of fiber tearing, displaying the “loose collar sign”, suggestive of patholaxity (d–f). Thickened and irregular AL showing a partial-thickness tear (g–i); ligament fibers appear delaminated as iodinated contrast permeates through their layers