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Insights into Imaging
Fig. 23 | Insights into Imaging

Fig. 23

From: Cross-sectional imaging of acute gynaecologic disorders: CT and MRI findings with differential diagnosis—part I: corpus luteum and haemorrhagic ovarian cysts, genital causes of haemoperitoneum and adnexal torsion

Fig. 23

Pelvic varices from nutcracker syndrome in a 24-year-old woman with severe pelvic pain. Axial gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images (a, c) demonstrate compression of left renal vein (‘beak sign’, arrow) between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery (thin arrow) and enlarged left gonadal vein (arrowhead). Additional sagittal maximum-intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction (b) demonstrates the left renal vein (arrow) within a narrow angle between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (thin arrow), consistent with ‘nutcracker syndrome’. Axial angiographic MIP image (d) demonstrates dilated, engorged left parametrial and uterine veins (arrowhead). Note the dilatation of contralateral parametrial plexus (black arrowhead) due to the anastomosis via the arcuate uterine veins

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