Table 1 Study cohort: demographics and general information

 Europe

205 (49)

227 (52)

0.3772

 Asia

118 (28)

123 (28)

0.9966

 America

72 (17)

72 (16)

0.7826

  North America

39 (9)

47 (11)

0.4814

  South America

33 (8)

25 (6)

0.2103

 Africa

24 (6)

13 (3)

0.0479*

 Oceania

1 (< 0.01)

3 (1)

0.3371

 20–24

4 (1.0)

4 (0.9)

0.9525

 25–29

158 (37.6)

173 (39.5)

0.5722

 30–34

193 (46.0)

213 (48.6)

0.4325

 35–39

48 (11.4)

33 (7.5)

0.0513

 40–44

13 (3.1)

13 (3.0)

0.9135

 45–49

4 (1.0)

2 (0.5)

0.384

 First year

34 (8.1)

55 (12.6)

0.0322*

 Second year

56 (13.3)

48 (11.0)

0.287

 Third year

79 (18.8)

81 (18.5)

0.9054

 Fourth year

72 (17.1)

103 (23.5)

0.0206*

 Fifth year

31 (7.4)

33 (7.5)

0.932

 I am in a subspecialty fellowship or PhD program

56 (13.3)

55 (12.6)

0.735

 I completed my specialty and subspecialty training < 2 years ago

92 (21.9)

63 (14.4)

0.0042*

 Large Academic Hospital

239 (56.9)

259 (59.1)

0.5089

 Medium Academic Hospital

144 (34.3)

147 (33.6)

0.8229

 Small Academic Hospital

37 (8.8)

32 (7.3)

0.4184

 Not active in research

84 (20.0)

93 (21.2)

0.6557

 Moderately active in research

238 (56.7)

229 (52.3)

0.1977

 Very active in research

98 (23.3)

116 (26.5)

0.2866