Table 1 Complications after port implantation

Early complications

• Malposition: intravenous, cardiac

• Arrhythmia

• Perforation and bleeding: hemothorax, mediastinal, cardiac tamponade

• Arterial malpositioning

• Pneumothorax

• Thoracic duct injury

• Air embolism

Delayed

• Infection

• Venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism

• Venous stenosis

• Catheter pinch-off, fracture and migration

• Catheter embolization

• Air embolism