Table 2 Specific CT pattern with alloimmune complications
From: Radiological findings of complications after lung transplantation
Alloimmune responses | Acute rejection | BOS | RAS | AFOP |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of occurrence | 1–12 weeks | 6–18 months | 6–18 months | 6–18 months |
Clinical keys | Acute dyspnea | Chronic dyspnea, cough Decrease in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio | Chronic dyspnea Decrease in FEV1 and TLC | Acute dyspnea Decrease in FEV1 |
CT signs | Ground-glass opacities Interlobular septal thickening Pleural effusions Volume loss | “Obstructive phenotype” Bronchiectasis Bronchial thickening Expiratory air-trapping | “Restrictive phenotype” Bronchiectasis Peripheral consolidations or ground-glass opacity Subpleural thickening Architectural distortion Upper lobe predominance Volume loss | Inter-/intralobular septal thickening Peripheral ground-glass opacity and consolidations |