Table 1 Survival of pathogens on dry inanimate surfaces (shortened from Kramer et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2006)
Type of pathogen | Duration of persistence |
|---|---|
Bacteria: | |
Campylobacter jejuni | up to 6 days |
Clostridium difficile (spores) | 5 months |
Escherichia coli | 1.5 h – 16 months |
Haemophilus influenzae | 12 days |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 day – 4 months |
Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 1–3 days |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 6 h – 16 months (dry floor up to 5 w) |
Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA | 7 days – 7 months |
Fungi: | |
Candida albicans | 1–120 days |
Viruses: | |
SARS associated virus | 72–96 h |
HAV | 2 h – 60 days |
HBV | > 1 week |
HIV | > 7 days |
Herpes simplex virus 1 & 2 | 4.5 h – 8 weeks |
Papillomavirus | 16 > 7 days |
Rotavirus | 6–60 days |