Fig. 11
From: High-frame rate vector flow imaging of the carotid bifurcation
Flow patterns in moderate stenosis. a) B-mode and CD of the CB show an eccentric plaque (arrowhead; 50%–60% diameter stenosis) and increased velocities (white arrow). PW depicts an increased velocity (PSV 120 cm/s) and spectral broadening (*). b) Distally to the stenosis (arrow), CD shows a mixture of colors (*) due to aliasing and to the non-linear vessel course (curved arrows). c) VFI during systole: high-velocity vectors (*) at the stenosis; orange/yellow medium velocity vectors (arrowheads) and complex flow below: low-velocity green vectors and reverse flow red vectors (white short arrow). Turbulence duration (arrow). CCA = Common carotid artery. ICA = Internal carotid artery. ECA = External carotid artery