Fig. 4

a Short axis cine SSFP image through the aortic valve shows thickening of the valve leaflets (arrow) and restricted systolic opening. The valve area was measured to be 0.5 cm2, consistent with severe aortic stenosis. b 3-chamber cine SSFP sequence in the same patient shows restricted systolic opening of the aortic valve and flow acceleration through the aortic valve (straight arrow), consistent with aortic stenosis. Concentric LV hypertrophy is also seen (curved arrow). c Short axis cine SSFP image through the aortic valve shows a unicuspid aortic valve with thickened leaflets (arrows) and restricted opening consistent with aortic stenosis