Table 2 Renal cell histological subtypes
From: Radiological diagnosis of perinephric pathology: pictorial essay 2015
Subtype | Incidence | Origin | Patient age | Signal density | Biological behaviour | Post-contrast | Associations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clear cell | 75% | Proximal nephron, tubular epithelium | >50 years | Heterogeneous density/signal | Aggressive | Hypervascular | Von Hippel-Lindau (25–45%), tuberous sclerosis (2%) |
Papillary | 10% | Distal nephron, tubular epithelium | >50 years | Low T2 signal, hypodense | Aggressive | Hypovascular | Hereditary papillary RCC |
Chromophobe | 5% | Distal nephron | >50 years | Hypodense, intermediate signal density | Low mortality (10%) | Hypovascular | Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome |
Collecting duct carcinoma | ∼1% | Medullary collecting duct | >50 years | Heterogeneous density, low T2 signal | Highly aggressive | Hypovascular | |
Medullary | ∼1% | Distal nephron | 20–40 years | Heterogeneous, infiltrative, low T2 signal | Extremely aggressive | Hypovascular | Sickle cell disease |