Fig. 7

Radiation-induced fibrosing mediastinitis. A 58-year-old male treated 5 years previously with radiotherapy for mediastinal bulky lymphoma. The patient reported dysphagia, and a PET scan showed an uptake in the distal portion of the oesophagus. The CT scan shows a pathological thickening in the oesophagus and a parenchymal consolidation in the left lower lobe (a). Moreover, CT shows retrograde opacification of the azygos vein, hemiazygos vein (b, c) and aortic nipple. Increased density (d) is seen in the mediastinal tissue, particularly in the anterior mediastinum. Multiple collateral pathways were opacified, as confirmed by coronal MIP (e) and VR (f). These findings are consistent with fibrosing mediastinitis secondary to radiotherapy