Fig. 8
From: Imaging in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): role of the radiologist
Intraprocedural fluoroscopy. Procedural fluoroscopy demonstrating a pigtail catheter in the non-coronary cusp of the aortic root, with aortography demonstrating the sinus of Valsalva and ascending aorta. The pigtail catheter is used for intermittent aortography during the procedure to aid in correct device positioning and also to determineTransoesophageal haemodynamics and degree of aortic incompetence. a Baseline aortography during a direct aortic access procedure (incision ‘spreaders’ shown). Aortography aids in identification of the optimal position for aortic puncture needed to introduce the large-bore arterial access sheath. b Baseline aortography with Swan-Ganz catheter in situ in the pulmonary artery from right internal jugular access and transesophageal echocardiography probe