Fig. 1
From: Assessment and characterisation of common renal masses with CT and MRI
Presentation of diffusion-weighted images (DWI; b-value: 800) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in different entities: Upper row demonstrates bright signal on DWI (a; b-value: 800) and low signal on an ADC map (b) in the case of a clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with heterogeneous pattern on T2-weighted image (c). The signal decrease in the ADC map is considered to be a marker of high cell density in the tumour. Middle row demonstrates bright signal on the ADC map (d) in a polycystic kidney. T2-weighted image shows different intensities in the cysts (arrow in e). The cysts were graded as Bosniak I–II. Lower row demonstrates bright signal on DWI (f; b-value: 800) in a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (see also Fig. 10). The ADC map (g) showed no signal loss, which could be explained by interstitial oedema but no indication of increased cell densitiy, which can be helpful in the differentiation of an inflammatory from a neoplastic tissue alteration. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image shows strong enhancement of the pelvic wall (arrow in h)