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Table 1 Comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics of proliferative and non-proliferative HCCs

From: Three-dimensional multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography improves preoperative assessment of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma

Characteristic

Training cohort (n = 121)

p value

Validation cohort (n = 33)

p value

Proliferative HCC

(n = 62)

Non-proliferative HCC

(n = 59)

Proliferative HCC

(n = 19)

Non-proliferative HCC

(n = 14)

Demographic

Age (years) (mean ± SD)

58 ± 12

61 ± 10

0.45

57 ± 11

55 ± 11

0.57

Sex (male: female)

51:11

50:9

0.71

17:2

12:2

0.74

BMI (kg/m2)

24.06 ± 3.2

23.85 ± 3.36

0.72

24.09 ± 2.88

24.96 ± 3.58

0.45

Cirrhosis

36 (58.06%)

46 (77.97%)

0.03*

14 (73.68%)

9 (64.29%)

0.56

Etiology

  

0.24

  

0.75

 Hepatitis virus

56 (90.43%)

49 (83.05%)

 

14 (73.68%)

11 (78.57%)

 

 Non-hepatitis virus

6 (9.68%)

10 (16.95%)

 

5 (26.32%)

3 (21.43%)

 

Preoperative laboratory results

Albumin (g/dL)

39.77 ± 4.44

38.75 ± 6.12

0.08

37.84 ± 5.45

40.21 ± 2.42

0.14

Total bilirubin (µmol/L)

20.04 ± 14.96

18.87 ± 14.69

0.49

24.42 ± 15.03

17.31 ± 9.01

0.13

AFP (ng/mL)

  

0.99

  

0.89

  ≤ 100

42 (67.74%)

40 (67.80%)

 

14 (73.68%)

10(71.43%)

 

  > 100

20 (32.26%)

19 (32.20%)

 

5 (26.32%)

4 (28.57%)

 

CEA (ng/mL)

  

0.96

  

0.21

  > 5

2 (3.23%)

2 (3.39%)

 

2 (10.53%)

0

 

  ≤ 5

60 (96.77%)

57 (96.61%)

 

17 (89.47%)

14 (100%)

 

CA125 (U/mL)

  

0.39

  

0.07

  > 24

12 (19.35%)

8 (13.56%)

 

4 (21.05%)

0

 

  ≤ 24

50 (80.65%)

51 (86.44%)

 

15 (78.95%)

14 (100%)

 

CA199 (U/mL)

  

0.71

  

0.75

  > 25

17 (27.42%)

18 (30.51%)

 

5 (26.32%)

3 (21.43%)

 

  ≤ 25

45 (72.58%)

41 (69.49%)

 

14 (73.68%)

11 (78.57%)

 

INR unit

1.055 ± 0.11

1.03 ± 0.11

0.12

1.08 ± 0.13

1.06 ± 0.07

0.87

ALT (IU/L)

42.52 ± 38.23

35.10 ± 43.79

0.28

54.37 ± 63.91

28.5 ± 13.37

0.22

AST (IU/L)

45.50 ± 42.36

44.81 ± 46.56

0.75

53.63 ± 63.17

28.57 ± 8.26

0.33

HCC lesion features

Number of lesions

63

61

 

19

14

 

Size (cm)

3.69 ± 3.22

4.83 ± 3.63

0.01*

4.55 ± 2.75

2.95 ± 2.98

0.021*

  1. Data are the mean ± standard deviation or median and interquartile range (IQR) unless otherwise indicated
  2. HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; BMI body mass index; AFP α-fetoprotein; CEA carcinoembryonic antigen; CA125 carbohydrate antigen 125; CA199 Carbohydrate antigen 199; INR international normalized ratio of prothrombin time; ALT Alanine transaminase; AST Aspartate transaminase
  3. *Indicates statistically significant p values