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Table 1 Demographics, microbiology and radiology data of patients with presumptive mycobacterial lung diseases

From: A deep learning model using chest X-ray for identifying TB and NTM-LD patients: a cross-sectional study

 

Internal cohort, training (n = 660)

Internal cohort, internal test (n = 120)

External cohort, external test (n = 600)

TB

NTM-LD

Imitator

p

TB

NTM-LD

Imitator

p

TB

NTM-LD

Imitator

p

(N = 220)

(N = 220)

(N = 220)

(n = 40)

(n = 40)

(n = 40)

(n = 200)

(n = 200)

(n = 200)

Age (years)*

64.3 ± 18.2

67.7 ± 12.7

66.2 ± 15.7

0.075

66.8 ± 18.7

70.1 ± 10.2

62.0 ± 16.1

0.063

55.0 ± 20.5

65.9 ± 15.4

65.8 ± 12.4

 < 0.001

Male, n (%)

143 (65%)

104 (47%)

101 (46%)

 < 0.001

29 (73%)

19 (48%)

16 (40%)

0.010

140 (70%)

110 (55%)

83 (42%)

 < 0.001

Acid-fast smear

   

 < 0.001

   

 < 0.001

   

 < 0.001

High-grade positive (3, 4)

53 (24%)

34 (16%)

0 (0%)

 

8 (20%)

9 (23%)

0 (0%)

 

73 (37%)

17 (9%)

0 (0%)

 

Low-grade positive (1, 2)

47 (21%)

51 (23%)

0 (0%)

 

9 (23%)

8 (20%)

0 (0%)

 

48 (24%)

34 (17%)

0 (0%)

 

Negative

120 (55%)

135 (61%)

220 (100%)

 

23 (58%)

23 (58%)

40 (100%)

 

79 (40%)

149 (75%)

200 (100%)

 

Chest X-ray pattern

            

Fibrocalcific change

100 (46%)

80 (36%)

68 (31%)

0.006

13 (33%)

13 (33%)

8 (20%)

0.358

71 (36%)

67 (34%)

69 (35%)

0.915

Nodule or mass*

109 (50%)

98 (45%)

58 (26%)

 < 0.001

29 (73%)

16 (40%)

13 (33%)

0.001

128 (64%)

134 (67%)

92 (46%)

 < 0.001

Cavitation*

42 (19%)

22 (10%)

14 (6%)

 < 0.001

4 (10%)

5 (13%)

2 (5%)

0.496

65 (33%)

30 (15%)

7 (4%)

 < 0.001

Consolidation

118 (54%)

75 (34%)

108 (49%)

 < 0.001

22 (55%)

22 (55%)

17 (43%)

0.434

118 (59%)

61 (31%)

76 (38%)

 < 0.001

Bronchiectasis*

23 (11%)

116 (53%)

67 (31%)

 < 0.001

11 (28%)

21 (53%)

20 (50%)

0.046

24 (12%)

122 (61%)

57 (29%)

 < 0.001

Pleural effusion

18 (8%)

3 (1%)

15 (7%)

0.004

8 (20%)

2 (5%)

1 (3%)

0.014

21 (4%)

0 (0%)

7 (1%)

 < 0.001

Chest X-ray extent

            

Multifocala

133 (61%)

141 (64%)

106 (48%)

0.002

28 (70%)

26 (65%)

17 (43%)

0.029

134 (67%)

151 (76%)

92 (46%)

 < 0.001

  1. NTM-LD, nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease; TB, tuberculosis
  2. aFor the evaluation of the extent of lung involvement, each lung was divided into 3 areas. The pulmonary lesions with involvement in more than one lung area were regarded as multifocal
  3. *p < 0.05 compared among training, internal test sets of the internal cohort, and the external test set of the external cohort