Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of patients in the training, internal testing dataset and external testing dataset

Age (years)^a

65 ± 8

66 ± 8

69 ± 8

Prostate-specific antigen (ng/mL)^b

9.4 [6.3–17.2]

8.9 [6.1–15.5]

81.0 [14.4–207.8]

Prostate volume (cm³)^b,c

49.1 [34.0–70.3]

41.6 [28.3–59.2]

45.2 [32.8–67.3]

PI-RADS^d

1–2

28.3 (63/223)

16.1 (15/93)

0 (0/59)

3

9.0 (20/223)

9.7 (9/93)

11.9 (7/59)

4

29.2 (65/223)

50.5 (47/93)

15.3 (9/59)

5

33.6 (75/223)

23.7 (22/93)

72.9 (43/59)

Non-prostate cancer^d

53.4 (119/223)

30.1 (28/93)

0.0 (0/59)

Prostate cancer^d

46.6 (104/223)

69.9 (65/93)

100.0 (59/59)

Index lesion location (PI-RADS ≥ 3)^d

PZ

30.6 (49/160)

28.2 (22/78)

33.9 (20/59)

CG

51.9 (83/160)

43.6 (34/78)

8.5 (5/59)

Both

17.5 (28/160)

28.2 (22/78)

57.6 (34/59)

T stage

T2

–

–

10.2 (6/59)

T3

–

–

39.0 (23/59)

T4

–

–

50.8 (30/59)

Maximum lesion diameter (cm)^a

–

–

2.8 ± 1.4