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Table 4 Diagnostic performance of these significant features and combinations for predicting pancreatic MiNEN

From: CT and MR imaging features of mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreas compared with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor

 

Sensitivity (%)

Specificity (%)

Accuracy (%)

PPV (%)

NPV (%)

LR (+)

LR (−)

Imaging findings

Tumor composition

       

Mixed solid and cystic

41.7 (5/12)

72.9 (35/48)

66.7 (40/60)

27.8 (5/18)

83.3 (35/42)

1.54 [0.68–3.47]

0.80 [0.49–1.31]

Heterogeneity

83.3 (10/12)

39.6 (19/48)

48.3 (29/60)

25.6 (10/39)

90.5 (19/21)

1.38 [0.98–1.94]

0.42 [0.11–1.59]

Portal enhancement pattern

       

Progressive enhancement

91.7 (11/12)

27.1 (13/48)

40.0 (24/60)

23.9 (11/46)

92.9 (13/14)

1.26 [0.99–1.60]

0.31 [0.04–2.24]

Adjacent organ involvement

50.0 (6/12)

66.7 (32/48)

63.3 (38/60)

27.3 (6/22)

84.2 (32/38)

1.50 [0.75–3.00]

0.75 [0.42–1.35]

Vascular involvement

33.3 (4/12)

56.3 (27/48)

51.7 (31/60)

16.0 (4/25)

77.1 (27/35)

0.76 [0.32–1.80]

1.19 [0.77–1.83]

1. Tumor margin

       

Ill-defined Irregular

83.3 (10/12)

52.1 (25/48)

58.3 (35/60)

30.3 (10/33)

92.5 (25/27)

1.74 [1.18–2.57]

0.32 [0.09–1.18]

2. Enhancement degree

       

Moderate

91.7 (11/12)

83.3 (40/48)

85.0 (51/60)

57.9 (11/19)

97.6 (40/41)

5.50 [2.86–10.59]

0.10 [0.02–0.66]

1 + 2

83.3 (10/12)

93.8 (45/48)

91.7 (55/60)

76.9 (10/13)

95.7 (45/47)

13.33 [4.33–41.05]

0.18 [0.05–0.63]

  1. Data are number of patients, unless otherwise indicated; data in parentheses are numerator/denominator of patients; data in square brackets are 95% CIs
  2. MiNEN, mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasm; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; LR (+), positive likelihood ratio; LR (−), negative likelihood ratio