Multimodality imaging of neurodegenerative disorders with a focus on multiparametric magnetic resonance and molecular imaging

Loftus, James Ryan; Puri, Savita; Meyers, Steven P.

doi:10.1186/s13244-022-01358-6

Insights into Imaging

Table 4 Synopsis of imaging features of miscellaneous neurodegenerative disorders

From: Multimodality imaging of neurodegenerative disorders with a focus on multiparametric magnetic resonance and molecular imaging

	PsD	CJD	HD	ALS	CTE	CAA
sMRI		Cortical ribboning and basal ganglia and thalamic (hockey stick) hyperintensity of T2 or DWI	Atrophy of striatum with ex vacuo dilated “box-shaped” frontal horns of the lateral ventricles	T2 hyperintensity of CSTs and perirolandic regions	Increased preponderance of cavum septum pellucidum with generalized cerebral atrophy	Inflammatory type: lobar vasogenic edema with leptomeningeal enhancement Amyloidoma—solitary enhancing mass with surrounding edema
SW/T2*				Increased iron deposition in motor cortex		Lobar and subcortical microhemorrhages and superficial siderosis
MRS		Decreased NAA of affected regions		Decreased NAA in the CSTs
DTI			Increased FA and MD in the basal ganglia	Reduced FA in the CSTs	Reduced FA in superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, corona radiate, cerebral peduncle, uncinate fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiations, and striatum
rsfMRI				Hypoconnectivity of the motor network
ASL
FDG-PET	Generally normal	Asymmetric hypometabolism in the frontal and parietal cortices with or without decreased activity in the in the basal ganglia	Hypometabolism in the striatum and frontal and temporal lobes	Hypometabolism of the motor/perirolandic and frontal cortices and occipital lobes	Hypometabolism in the frontotemporal lobes	Hypometabolism in pattern similar to AD with increasing occipital to global or PCC ratio
Amyloid PET	Generally normal	No significant uptake			Variable uptake	Uptake in pattern similar to AD with increasing occipital to global or PCC ratio
Tau PET	Generally normal	Off-target binding of certain tracers felt to be related to astrocytosis		[11C]PBB3 uptake in the CSTs	Uptake in the frontotemporal lobes including the medial temporal lobes	Neocortical uptake correlates with worsening cognition
DAT/Dopamine imaging			Decreased striatal dopamine receptor binding

sMRI structural magnetic resonance imaging, MRS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, DTI Diffusion tensor imaging, rsfMRI Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, ASL Arterial spin labeling, FDG Fluorodeoxyglucose, PET Positron emission tomography, DAT Dopamine transporter, CAA Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, AD Alzheimer’s disease, PCC Posterior cingulate cortex, CTE Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, FA Fractional anisotropy, ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, CSTs Corticospinal tracts, NAA N-acetylaspartate, HD Huntington’s disease, CJD Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, DWI Diffusion-weighted imaging, PsD Pseudodementia

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