Fig. 2

Normal sonographic findings of the bone tissue. A longitudinal view of the lateral elbow in a young volunteer clearly shows the cartilaginous epiphysis (yellow dotted lines) of the radial head (RH) and lateral epicondyle (LE); of note, the hyperechoic lines (yellow arrowheads) within the hyaline cartilage are the epiphyseal ossification centers (A). Likewise, a longitudinal scan of the suprapatellar region in the knee shows the physis (green arrowhead) in between the metaphysis (Met) and epiphysis (Epi) of the distal femur in a child (B). Importantly, focal interruption of the (hyperechoic) cortical bone can be related to the presence of nutritional foramina (white arrowhead) crossed by feeding vessels (red arrowhead) (C). Pat patella