Table 1 Inclusion and Exclusion criteria

Participant

Children and young people aged 5–16 years

Studies conducted in an adult population or where it was not possible to separate out the child data (aged 5–16 years)

Context

Children and young people undergoing a planned diagnostic radiological procedure

Children and young people undergoing urgent or emergency radiological procedures

Children undergoing radiotherapy

Concept

Any intervention/method (of any type) designed to directly prepare/familiarise or educate children prior to their radiological procedure

Interventions/methods used or that occur prior to the procedures

Interventions focusing on the education or training of healthcare staff

Interventions used solely during the procedure, e.g. distraction techniques

Publication

Empirical research studies evaluating the effect, impact, value or influence of interventions/methods

English language only

Studies that only describe the intervention’s development or use within practice, with no evidence of evaluation

Editorials, opinion pieces