Table 2 Performance metrics for the DL model in the test sets
| Â | AUC (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | ACC | F1 | MCC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Internal test set | 0.908 (0.879–0.933) | 83.23 (76.55–88.65) | 83.61 (78.97–87.58) | 72.83 (67.33–77.71) | 90.43 (86.96–93.04) | 83.48 (79.79–86.73) | 0.777 | 0.650 |
External test sets | 0.913 (0.881–0.939) | 88.84 (83.72–92.79) | 83.77 (77.76–88.70) | 85.51 (81.00–89.10) | 87.43 (82.48–91.13) | 86.40 (82.63–89.61) | 0.871 | 0.728 |
External test set A | 0.908 (0.859–0.945) | 88.00 (79.98–93.64) | 85.57 (76.97–91.88) | 86.28 (79.39–91.12) | 87.37 (80.17–92.21) | 86.80 (81.26–91.19) | 0.871 | 0.736 |
External test set B | 0.918 (0.871–0.952) | 89.62 (82.19–94.71) | 81.92 (72.63–89.10) | 84.82 (78.34–89.62) | 87.50 (79.87–92.51) | 86.00 (80.41–90.49) | 0.872 | 0.719 |