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Insights into Imaging

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors of overall survival

From: DWI-based radiomic signature: potential role for individualized adjuvant chemotherapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after partial hepatectomy

Characteristics

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

 

HR

95%CI

p

HR

95%CI

p

Clinical characteristics

      

 Sex (female)

1.119

0.677–1.849

0.662

   

 Age (year)

0.993

0.968–1.018

0.577

   

 History of HBV infection

1.083

0.55–2.131

0.817

   

 History of cholelithiasis

0.682

0.31–1.501

0.342

   

 Cirrhosis

1.05

0.617–1.787

0.856

   

 CA19-9 > 1000 U/mL

1.525

0.793–2.93

0.206

   

MR radiographic characteristics

      

 Arterial enhancement patterns

      

  Peripheral rim enhancement

ref

ref

    

  Diffuse hyperenhancement

0.94

0.481–1.839

0.857

   

  Diffuse hypoenhancement

1.572

0.895–2.762

0.116

   

 Enhancement pattern

      

  Wash-out pattern

ref

ref

    

  Persistent enhancement

1.525

0.542–4.286

0.424

   

  Gradual enhancement

2.074

0.881–4.882

0.095

   

  No or minimal enhancement

2.104

0.678–6.527

0.198

   

 Irregular tumor margin

1.931

1.166–3.198

0.011

1.282

0.743–2.212

0.372

 Peritumoral enhancement

1.265

0.724–2.209

0.409

   

 Peritumoral biliary dilatation

2.688

1.625–4.448

 < 0.001

2.237

1.280–3.911

0.005

 Target sign on DWI

0.698

0.425–1.146

0.156

   

 Multifocal tumor

2.052

1.192–3.534

0.01

1.132

0.426–3.009

0.803

 Tumor diameter(cm)

1.008

0.998–1.018

0.12

   

Pathologic findings

      

 Surgical margin status (R1)

3.157

1.127–8.848

0.029

2.871

0.928–8.876

0.067

 Macrovascular invasion

2.006

1.193–3.371

0.009

1.205

0.449–3.234

0.711

 Microvascular invasion

1.594

0.96–2.645

0.071

   

 Poor differentiation

1.67

0.998–2.795

0.051

   

 Lymph node metastasis

2.348

1.430–3.857

0.001

1.446

0.821–2.550

0.202

T stage

      

 T1a

Ref

     

 T1b

1.539

0.720–3.293

0.266

0.914

0.404–2.069

0.83

 T2

2.806

1.523–5.171

0.001

1.492

0.431–5.163

0.528

 T3

2.588

0.338–19.839

0.36

0.758

0.091–6.339

0.798

Adjuvant therapy

0.671

0.391–1.149

0.146

   

TACE

0.563

0.176–1.8

0.333

   

Ablation therapy

0.489

0.177–1.352

0.168

   

Radiomic signature (high risk)

2.009

1.215–3.321

0.007

1.894

1.069–3.356

0.029

  1. Variables with a p value < 0.05 identified on univariable analysis were selected for the multivariable analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and are shown in bolded font
  2. HR hazard ratio, 95%CI 95% confidence intervals, HBV hepatitis B virus, DWI diffusion weighted imaging, CA19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, TACE, transhepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization
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