Table 5 The common findings in all 19 patients with MPI pattern

Term neonates

Appropriate or large for gestational age neonates

Normal antenatal history, all Rhesus positive and syphilis serology negative

No significant chronic maternal conditions

Prolonged labour—more often second stage

Foetal distress, especially with cephalopelvic disproportion

Epidural anaesthesia with maternal hypotension

Grade 3 hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy

Low Apgar scores

Metabolic acidosis

Neonatal seizures

Normal immediate postnatal imaging

Metabolic or chromosomal abnormalities excluded

Static/non-progressive phenomena on follow-up imaging

Fairly similar pattern of cerebral injury on imaging