Table 1 EVAR complication and related CT findings
From: CT angiography for the assessment of EVAR complications: a pictorial review
Complications | Type of complication | CT findings | Incidence |
|---|---|---|---|
Endograft device-related | Major suture breaks and metal-ring fractures | Discontinuity of suture points and/or metallic frame | 5.5% |
Endoleak | Contrast extravasation in the aneurysm sac | 15–30% | |
Type I (attachment site leak) | Centrally located, close to an attachment site of the endograft | ||
Type II (retrograde blood flow from aortic branches) | Peripherally located, close to the origin of the involved vessels | ||
Type III (device failure) | Centrally located, not immediately close to the attachment sites of the endograft | ||
Type IV (graft porosity) | Hazy opacification around the stent-graft, without detectable sources of endoleak | ||
Type V (endotension) | Expansion of the aneurysm sac without signs contrast extravasation | ||
Device migration | Device movement: > 10 mm on the centerline or > 15 mm on either the anterior or posterior aortic margin | 1–10% | |
Device kinking | Device angulation more frequently localized at stent-graft limb | 2–4% | |
Graft thrombosis and occlusion | Non-enhancing concentric or eccentric thrombus along the internal wall of the endograft | 0.5–11% | |
Infection | Mesenteric fat stranding adjacent to the stent-graft, perigraft fluid collections, abnormal enhancement, air bubbles and erosion into adjacent structures | 0.4–3% | |
Access site complication | Pseudoaneurysm: tear of the arterial wall with a blood collection, contained by the adventitia or by the surrounding perivascular soft tissues; thrombosis; dissection; hematoma; infection; lymphocele | 3–5% | |
Systemic | Ischemia | Limb ischemia | 9% |
Bowel ischemia | |||
Spinal cord ischemia |