Table 1 Clinical application of AI in neuro-oncology

I—Gliomas

I—Differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions

 High-grade gliomas versus tumefactive demyelinating diseases

 Gliomas versus inflammation

II—Grading of gliomas

 Low versus high grade

 Grade II versus grade III

III—Radiogenomics

 Glioma

 Oligodendroglioma

IV—Pre-treatment evaluation

 Tumor segmentation

 Infiltration and extent

V—Prognostic value-survival

VI—Post-treatment evaluation

 Pseudo-progression

 Residual/recurrence versus post-treatment changes

II—Non glioma

Metastasis

PCNSL

Hemangioblastoma

III—Extra-axial brain tumors

Meningioma

Schwannoma

Pituitary adenoma

IV—Pediatric brain tumors

Characterization

Radiogenomics