Table 1 Frequency and location of MS damages in the brainstem
From: The brainstem in multiple sclerosis: MR identification of tracts and nuclei damage
Structure | Medulla | Pons | Midbrain | Abbreviations | Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cortico-spinal tract | 8 (16%) | 12 (24%) | 6 (12%) | CST | 1 |
Medial lemniscus | 7 (14%) | 10 (20%) | 7 (14%) | ML | 2 |
Cuneate and gracile fasciculi | 5 (10%) | Â | Â | CFGF | 2.1 |
Internal arcuate fibers | 5 (10%) | Â | Â | IAF | 2.2 |
Spino thalamic tract | 9 (18%) | 22 (44%) | 11 (22%) | STT | 3 |
Medial longitudinal fasciculus | 4 (8%) | 17 (34%) | 9 (18%) | MLF | 4 |
Transverse fibers of the pons | Â | 33 (66%) | Â | TFP | 5 |
Spino cerebellar tract | 6 (12%) | Â | Â | SCT | 6 |
Central tegmental tract | 3 (6%) | 9 (18%) | 8 (16%) | CTT | 7 |
Fronto pontine fibers | Â | Â | 2 (4%) | FPF | 8 |
Parieto- occipito- temporo pontine fibers | Â | Â | 3 (6%) | POTPF | 9 |
Lateral lemniscus | Â | 18 (36%) | 6 (12%) | LL | 10 |
Inferior cerebellar peduncle | 4 (8%) | Â | Â | ICP | 11 |
Middle cerebellar peduncle | Â | 14 (28%) | Â | MCP | 12 |
Superior cerebellar peduncle | Â | 39 (78%) | 3 (6%) | SCP | 13 |
Hypoglossal nucleus and nerve | 14 (28%) | Â | Â | XII | 14 |
Solitary nucleus and tract | 20 (40%) | Â | Â | ST | 15 |
Vague nerve | 1 (2%) | Â | Â | X | 15.1 |
Vestibular and cochlear nuclei and nerves | 16 (32%) | 17 (34%) | Â | VIII | 16 |
Facial nucleus and nerve | Â | 20 (40%) | Â | VII | 17 |
Abducens nucleus and nerve | Â | 17 (34%) | Â | VI | 18 |
Trigeminal tract | 12 (24%) | 15 (30%) | 3 (6%) | V | 19 |
Oculomotor nucleus and nerve | Â | Â | 7 (14%) | III | 20 |
Olivary complex | 16 (32%) | Â | Â | OC | 21 |
Red nucleus | Â | Â | 3 (6%) | RN | 22 |
Substantia nigra | Â | Â | 6 (12%) | SN | 23 |
Inferior colliculus | Â | Â | 1 (2%) | IC | 24 |
Superior colliculus | Â | Â | 1 (2%) | SC | 25 |
Periventricular gray | 5 (10%) | 20 (40%) | 1 (2%) | PVG | 26 |
Periaqueductal gray | Â | Â | 14 (28%) | PAG | 27 |
Raphe nuclei | Â | 13 (26%) | 7 (14%) | R | 28 |
Reticular formation | 2 (4%) | 6 (12%) | 4 (8%) | RF | Â |