|
Characteristics
|
Healthy volunteers
|
CKD stage 1–3
|
CKD stage 4–5
|
p value
|
|---|
|
Sex
| | | |
0.449
|
|
Male
|
8
|
27
|
6
| |
|
Female
|
3
|
24
|
6
| |
|
Age (years)
|
7.46 ± 2.58
|
9.84 ± 2.99
|
8.58 ± 3.80
|
0.051
|
|
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)
|
143.64 ± 24.02
|
105.67 ± 40.24
|
15.09 ± 9.16
|
< 0.001
|
|
Serum creatinine (μmol/L)
|
34.58 ± 8.54
|
60.40 ± 34.66
|
462.09 ± 134.59
|
< 0.001
|
|
ACR
|
13.75 ± 12.64
|
1644.82 ± 4244.70
|
5664.08 ± 10,473.95
|
< 0.001
|
|
Serum albumin
|
45.48 ± 3.52
|
37.50 ± 9.09
|
36.84 ± 9.81
|
0.014
|
|
Cystatin C
|
0.83 ± 0.134
|
1.25 ± 0.64
|
4.73 ± 1.75
|
< 0.001
|
|
Underlying disease
|
|
Henoch–Schonlein purpura nephritis
|
N/A
|
15
|
0
|
N/A
|
|
Lupus nephritis
|
N/A
|
3
|
1
|
N/A
|
|
IgA nephropathy
|
–
|
12
|
0
|
N/A
|
|
Nephrotic syndrome
|
N/A
|
17
|
5
|
N/A
|
|
Vesicoureteral reflux
|
N/A
|
1
|
1
|
N/A
|
|
Unknow
|
N/A
|
3
|
5
|
N/A
|
- Data are expressed as a number (gender and underlying disease) or means ± standard deviations
- eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACR albumin/creatinine ratio, N/A not applicable
