Fig. 22

IVC bland thrombosis. a A 20-year-old woman presented with an oedematous left leg and lower back pain in the context of smoking, regular oral contraceptive use and previous DVT. Contrast-enhanced coronal CT shows a non-enhancing filling defect in the infrarenal cava (arrowhead) that propagates into bilateral common iliac veins (arrows). Mild intra-abdominal fat stranding is likely secondary to thrombosis-related oedema. Thrombophilia screen was negative, and there was no evidence of malignancy or venous compression on a CT scan of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. b A 75-year-old woman presented with a left above knee DVT on a background of cholangiocarcinoma with metastases to the liver and left adnexa. Contrast-enhanced coronal CT demonstrates a partially occlusive non-enhancing inferior vena cava thrombus (asterisk) extending superiorly to the level of the left renal vein (arrowhead), and to the right common iliac vein (arrow) caudally