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Fig. 21 | Insights into Imaging

Fig. 21

From: The inferior vena cava: anatomical variants and acquired pathologies

Fig. 21

Extensive venous thrombus secondary to interrupted IVC with azygos continuation. A 19-year-old man presented with a right lower limb DVT and underwent contrast-enhanced CT to assess the proximal extent of thrombus. He later developed a right ankle ulcer, likely contributed to by post-thrombotic syndrome. a Coronal CT image in the portal venous phase shows occlusive venous thrombus (arrows) in the common iliac veins and an adjacent paravertebral collateral vein (asterisk). Infrarenal and renal segments of the IVC are absent. b Coronal CT demonstrates the right renal vein (arrow) draining into a small caliber interrupted inferior vena cava (arrowhead). c Axial CT shows a left renal vein (asterisk) that drains into a tortuous left-sided paravertebral collateral vein (arrow). d Axial CT image with distended azygos and hemiazygos veins (arrows)

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