Fig. 10
From: The inferior vena cava: anatomical variants and acquired pathologies
Interrupted IVC (renal level) with azygos and hemiazygos continuation. Anomaly detected incidentally on imaging for a 55-year-old man with biopsy proven renal cell carcinoma. The paired common iliac veins continue as bilateral ascending lumbar veins draining into the azygos–hemiazygos system. a Contrast-enhanced coronal CT shows the left renal vein (arrow) draining into a tortuous paravertebral collateral (asterisk). b The right renal vein (arrow) joins the suprarenal IVC (asterisk). c Axial CT image depicts a left-sided paravertebral collateral (arrow) that drains into the hemiazygos vein (asterisk) sited posteriorly. d Coronal CT image with a prominent lateral abdominal wall collateral vein