Fig. 5

Tuberculous orchitis. A 13-year-old male with known inherited interleukin-12 receptor deficiency and recently diagnosed disseminated tuberculosis. Patient also complained of mild left testicular pain and asymmetric enlargement at his initial presentation. a Gray scale US image shows ill-defined heterogeneous hypoechoic areas (arrows) almost completely replacing the parenchyma. b Color flow Doppler US demonstrated mild-to-moderate vascularity within these hypoechoic areas. c Axial T2-weighted MR image shows enlarged left testis with irregular borders and low T2 signal intensity (arrowheads). Based on the clinical, microbiological and radiological findings, the putative diagnosis was tuberculous orchitis. Serial follow-up US examinations after the start of antituberculosis treatment demonstrated gradual testicular atrophy