Table 1 Reviewed tumors and tumorlike conditions with an overview of the most important clinical characteristics and diagnostic signs
From: Tumor and tumorlike conditions of the pleura and juxtapleural region: review of imaging findings
Clinical characteristics | Radiological signs | |
|---|---|---|
Primary pleural malignancies: lymphoproliferative disorders | ||
Primary effusion lymphoma | Immune deficiency (HIV, Kaposi) | Isolated unilateral effusion |
Pyothorax-associated lymphoma | Chronic pyothorax, EBV | Inhomogeneous solid pleural mass |
Primary pleural malignancies: mesenchymal tumors | ||
Solitary fibrous tumors | Older patients, mainly asymptomatic, hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, Doege–Potter syndrome (hypoglycemia) | Well-circumscribed heterogeneous mass, incomplete border sign, pedunculated, not locoregionally aggressive |
Desmoid type fibromatosis | Mainly young patients, Gardner syndrome (familial adenomatous polyposis) | Well-defined homogeneous mass |
Pleural sarcomas: synovial sarcoma | Aspecific | Well-defined heterogeneous mass |
Pleural sarcomas: angiosarcoma | Predominantly male adults | Diffuse pleural thickening with unilateral effusion, rapid progression |
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor | Young patients | Aspecific |
Juxtapleural malignancies | ||
Chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma | Elderly patients | Heterogeneous mass with bone destruction |
Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma | Children and adolescents, pain, swelling | Bone destruction and large soft-tissue component, sunburst sign |
Leiomyosarcoma | Aspecific, hemoptysis | Aspecific |
Neurogenic tumors: benign | Younger patients | Fascicular sign, target sign, vertebral scalloping |
Neurogenic tumors: malignant | Neurofibromatosis type 1 | Larger lesions (> 5 cm) |
Liposarcomas | Asymptomatic (slow grow) | Fat containing lesion, inhomogeneous |