Table 1 Radiologic signs of ABI
From: Many faces of acute bowel ischemia: overview of radiologic staging
General signs | Stage | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Early | Intermediate | Late | |
Mucosal hyperenhancement | ✓ | ||
Target or Halo appearance | ✓ | ||
Hyperattenuating wall (white pattern) | ✓ | ✓ | |
Mural hypoenhancement (grey pattern) | ✓ | ✓ | |
Thickened bowel wall | ✓ | ✓ | |
Paper thin wall | ✓ | ||
Gas pattern | ✓ | ||
Pneumoperitoneum | ✓ | ||
Etiology-specific signs | Etiology | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emboli | Thrombosis | Venous | NOMI | Strangulation | |
Calcification of mesenteric arteries | ✓ | ||||
Completely fluid filled gasless dilated loop | ✓ | ||||
Ascites | ✓ | ✓ | ✓✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Smaller SMA and SMV diameter | ✓ | ||||
String of sausage sign (in angiography) | ✓ | ||||
Contrast reflux (in angiography) | ✓ | ||||
Right colon involvement | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓✓ | ✓ |
Beak sign | ✓ | ||||
Fat notch sign | ✓ | ||||