Persistent left superior vena cava: clinical importance and differential diagnoses

Insights into Imaging

Table 3 Main groups and subgroups of cardiac/aortic arch anomalies associated with PLSVC

Main groups	Subgroups
Shunt lesions	ASD, VSD, AVSD, PDA, APVD
Conotruncal malformations	TOF, PA with VSD, L/D-TGA, TA, DORV
Left-sided obstructive lesions	CoA, cor triatriatum, mitral stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve
Right-sided lesions	PS, PA, tricuspid atresia, bicuspid pulmonary valve, Ebstein anomaly
Single ventricular anomalies	None
Aortic arch anomalies	Cervical arch, RAA, ARSA, RAA + ALSA

PLSVC persistent left superior vena cava, ASD atrial septal defect, VSD ventricular septal defect, AVSD atrioventricular septal defect, PDA patent ductus arteriosus, APVD anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, TOF tetralogy of fallot, PA pulmonary atresia, L/D TGA-levo/dextro-transposition of the great arteries, TA truncus arteriosus, DORV double outlet right ventricle, CoA coarctation of the aorta, PS pulmonary stenosis, RAA right aortic arch, ARSA aberrant right subclavian artery, ALSA aberrant left subclavian artery