Table 1 The defining criteria of borderline resectability according to the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) consensus (2016)
From: Imaging diagnosis and staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a comprehensive review
IAP consensus criteria for defining borderline resectability of PDAC (2016) | |
|---|---|
Anatomical | • Higher likelihood of positive resection margin • Neoadjuvant therapy increases the probability for (R0) Borderline venous • > 180° tumor contact with SMV/PV or bilateral narrowing or occlusion without extension beyond the inferior border of the duodenum |
Borderline arterial • ≤ 180° tumor contact with SMA/CA without stenosis or deformity • Tumor abutment of CHA with no extension to proper hepatic artery and/or CA | |
Biological | • Suspicious but uncertain distant metastasis • Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA 19–9) > 500 U/ml |
Conditional | • Performance status and comorbidities of the patients even considered even if the tumor is resectable |