Macrocyclic MR contrast agents: evaluation of multiple-organ gadolinium retention in healthy rats

Insights into Imaging

Table 1 Gadolinium content in the blood, cerebrum, cerebellum, liver, kidney, skin, and femur (mean values ± SD)

Group (ID)	Blood (nmol/mL)	Cerebrum (nmol/g)	Cerebellum (nmol/g)	Liver (nmol/g)	Kidney (right) (nmol/g)	Skin (nmol/g)	Femur (nmol/g)
Control (A)	< LOQ	< LOQ	< LOQ	< LOQ	< LOQ	< LOQ	< LOQ
ProHance (B)	< LOQ^a	0.144 ± 0.015^b	0.151 ± 0.039	0.361 ± 0.106	38.6 ± 25.0	0.400 ± 0.112	8.48 ± 1.87
Dotarem (C)	< LOQ	0.342 ± 0.045°°°	0.315 ± 0.040°°°	0.685 ± 0.330°°°	172 ± 134°°°	0.660 ± 0.202°°°	6.28 ± 3.08
Clariscan (D)	< LOQ	0.377 ± 0.042°°^,*	0.345 ± 0.053°°°	0.823 ± 0.495°°°	212 ± 121°°°	0.688 ± 0.215°°°	9.44 ± 4.01
Gadovist (E)	< LOQ	0.292 ± 0.047°°°^,**^,###	0.316 ± 0.040°°°	1.22 ± 0.664°°°^,**^,#	294 ± 127°°°^,*	0.999 ± 0.442°°°^,**^,#	16.1 ± 4.51°°°^,***^,###

n = 5 for control animals; n = 15 for all other groups except “Dotarem, skin” and “Gadovist, right kidney” where n = 14
Significance vs. group B (ProHance): °°p ≤ 0.01, °°°p ≤ 0.005; vs. group C (Dotarem): *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.005; vs. group D (Clariscan): ^#p ≤ 0.05, ^###p ≤ 0.005
^a1 out of 15 values > LOQ (0.165)
^b7 out of 15 values < LOQ