Technique, protocols and adverse reactions for contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM): a systematic review

Zanardo, Moreno; Cozzi, Andrea; Trimboli, Rubina Manuela; Labaj, Olgerta; Monti, Caterina Beatrice; Schiaffino, Simone; Carbonaro, Luca Alessandro; Sardanelli, Francesco

doi:10.1186/s13244-019-0756-0

Insights into Imaging

Table 1 Main characteristics of the 84 analysed studies

From: Technique, protocols and adverse reactions for contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM): a systematic review

Author/year	Ref.	Study design	Country of research group	Number of patients	Mean or median age (years)	Contrast agent type	Concentration (mgI/mL)	Dose (mL/kg)	Flow rate (mL/s)	Delay after injection (s)	Total exam time
Houben 2019	[22]	R	The Netherlands	147	61	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Barra 2018	[40]	P mono	Brazil	33	45	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Bicchierai 2018	[93]	R	Italy	40	50	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Danala 2018	[69]	R	USA	111		Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Deng 2018	[78]	R	Taiwan	141	48	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Helal 2018	[25]	P mono	Egypt	300	54	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Kim 2018	[87]	P mono	South Korea	84	51	Iohexol	350	1.5	2	120	B
Klang 2018	[88]	R	Israel	953	51	Iopamidol	370	1.5	3	120	B
Łuczyńska 2018	[36]	R	Poland	82	57	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Moustafa 2018	[17]	P mono	Egypt	160		Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Navarro 2018	[90]	P mono	Chile	465	53	Ioversol	320	1.5			B
Patel 2018 (01)	[38]	P mono	USA	65	53	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	A
Patel 2018 (02)	[34]	R	USA	50	57	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Patel 2018 (03)	[23]	R	USA	30	66	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Phillips 2018	[82]	R	USA	45	53	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120
Sorin 2018	[92]	R	Israel	611	54	Iopamidol	370	1.5	3	120	B
Tohamey 2018	[51]	P mono	Egypt	178	46	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Travieso-Aja 2018	[24]	R	Spain	158	51			1.5	3	120	B
Xing 2018	[84]	P mono	China	235	51	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Barra 2017	[39]	R	Brazil	11	46	Iohexol	300	1–2	3	120	B
Bhimani 2017	[13]	R	USA	2303		Iopamidol	370	1.5	2	120	B
Fallenberg 2017	[76]	P multi	Germany	155	53	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	A
Gluskin 2017	[63]	R	USA	5	59	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	150–180	A
Helal 2017 (01)	[28]	P mono	Egypt	98	50	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Helal 2017 (02)	[99]	P mono	Egypt	30	47	Iohexol	300	1.5		120
Houben 2017	[58]	R	The Netherlands	839	60	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Iotti 2017	[37]	P mono	Italy	54	54	Ioversol	350	1.5		120
James 2017	[56]	R	USA	173		Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	A
Jochelson 2017	[54]	P mono	USA	309	51	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	150–180	B
Knogler 2017	[94]	P mono	Austria	11	58	Iomeprol	400	2	3.5	90
Lee-Felker 2017	[26]	R	USA	52	50	Iohexol	350		3	120	B
Lewis 2017	[16]	R	USA	208		Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Li 2017	[100]	R	USA	48	56	Iopamidol	370	1.5	1.5–2		B
Mori 2017	[74]	P mono	Japan	72	48	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120
Patel 2017 (01)	[27]	R	USA	88	62	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Patel 2017 (02)	[65]	R	USA	410		Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Phillips 2017	[70]	P mono	USA	38	53	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Richter 2017	[62]	R	Germany	118	58	Iopromide	300	1.5	2–3	120
Saraya 2017	[18]	P mono	Egypt	34	54	Iohexol	300	1.5	4		C
Savaridas 2017	[75]	P mono	Australia	66	54			1.5	3	120	B
Sogani 2017	[80]	R	USA	278	51	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	150	A
Ali-Mucheru 2016	[33]	R	USA	351	62	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Ambicka 2016	[29]	R	Poland	82	57	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Brandan 2016	[77]	P mono	Mexico	18	51	Ioversol	300		4	60	B
Cheung 2016 (01)	[72]	R	Taiwan	256	48	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	A
Cheung 2016 (02)	[98]	R	Taiwan	87	54	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Kamal 2016	[95]	R	Egypt	239	48	Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Kariyappa 2016	[68]	P mono	India	44		Iomeprol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Knogler 2016	[83]	P mono	Austria	15	58	Iomeprol	400	2	3.5	60–90
Lalji 2016	[21]	R	The Netherlands	199	58	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Łuczyńska 2016 (01)	[50]	P mono	Poland	116	55	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Łuczyńska 2016 (02)	[67]	P mono	Poland	193	55	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Tardivel 2016	[19]	R	France	195	56	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Tennant 2016	[15]	R	UK	99	49
Tsigginou 2016	[89]	P mono	Greece	216	55	Iopromide	300	1.5	2–3	120	B
Wang 2016	[97]	P mono	China	68	53	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	A
Yagil 2016	[71]	R	Israel	200	51	Iopamidol	370	1.5	3	120	B
Chou 2015	[14]	P mono	Taiwan	185	51	Iohexol	300	1.5	2	120	B
Elsaid 2015	[73]	P mono	Egypt	34	55	Iohexol	300	1.5	3		B
Hobbs 2015	[81]	P mono	Australia	49	55	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120	B
Kamal 2015	[79]	R	Egypt	168		Iohexol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Lobbes 2015	[30]	R	The Netherlands	87	62	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Łuczyńska 2015 (01)	[91]	P mono	Poland	174	56	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Łuczyńska 2015 (02)	[53]	P mono	Poland	102		Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120
Badr 2014	[101]	P mono	France	75	54	Iohexol	300	1.5		120	B
Blum 2014	[31]	P mono	Germany	20	57	Iopamidol	300	1.5	3	120
Cheung 2014	[86]	R	Taiwan	89	48	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	120–180	B
Fallenberg 2014 (01)	[85]	P mono	Germany	118	53	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Fallenberg 2014 (02)	[32]	P mono	Germany	80	54	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Francescone 2014	[66]	R	USA	88	50
Jeukens 2014	[60]	R	The Netherlands	47	58	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Lobbes 2014	[20]	R	The Netherlands	113	57	Iopromide	300	1.5	3	120
Łuczyńska 2014	[35]	P mono	Poland	152	56	Iopromide	370	1.5	3	120	B
Mokhtar 2014	[57]	P mono	Egypt	60		Iohexol	300	1.5		120	A
Travieso-Aja 2014	[64]	R	Spain	136	49			1.5	3	120	B
Hill 2013	[10]	R	Canada	98	57	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	B
Jochelson 2013	[55]	P mono	USA	82	50	Iohexol	350	1.5	3	150–300	B
Dromain 2012	[52]	P mono	France	110	57	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	A
Diekmann 2011	[61]	P mono	Germany	70	55	Iopromide	370	1	4	60/120/180	A
Dromain 2011	[59]	P mono	France	120	56	Iobitridol	300	1.5	3	120	A
Dromain 2006	[9]	P mono	France	20	63	Iohexol	300		3	30	B
Diekmann 2005	[8]	P mono	Germany	21		Iopromide	370	1	4	60/120/180	A
Jong 2003	[7]	P mono	Canada	22		Iohexol	300			60	B
Lewin 2003	[96]	P mono	USA	26	51	Iohexol	350		4–5	150

R retrospective, P mono prospective monocentric, P multi prospective multicentric, A = total exam time < 5 min, B = total exam time between 5 and 10 min, C = total exam time > 10 min

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