Fig. 2From: The skin dose of pelvic radiographs since 1896Top view of Benoist hardness meter [16]. In the center a foil of silver (Ag, 0.11 mm thickness), surrounded by a circular staircase of aluminum (Al) with step thicknesses increasing clockwise from 1 to 12 mm. This penetrometer was held in the X-ray beam in front of a fluoroscopic screen and the Benoist hardness was the thickness of the Al-step that showed the same intensity as that of the Ag-foil in the middle. Evaluation was also done with a photographic plate [16]Back to article page