Skip to main content

Table 1 Cardiac MR characteristics of different stages of HCM

From: Phenotypes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An illustrative review of MRI findings

 

Cardiac MR imaging

  

Late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE)

HCM stage

Morphological and functional features

Prevalence

% / LV mass

Location

SCD risk/year

Subclinical

Normal/borderline myocardial hypertrophy

Myocardial crypts

Mitral valve leaflets elongation

Normal LA diameter

Myocardial trabeculations

Myocardial fibrosis

Normal LV EF

Rare

Limited

Mid-wall

Exceptional

Classic (75%)

Myocardial hypertrophy

LVOT obstruction (70%)

Mid or moderate LA dilatation

Diastolic dysfunction

LV EF > 65%

< 50%

2%

Mid-wall

0,5–1%

Adverse remodelling (15–20%)

Progressive LV wall thinning

Reduction/loss of LVOT

Moderate/severe LA dilatation

Diastolic dysfunction

LV EF: 50–65%

> 50%

10–15%

Mid-wall/transmural

3–5%

End-stage (5–10%)

Dilated form

Restrictive pattern

LV EF < 50%

75–100%

> 25%

Mid-wall/transmural

10%

  1. LV left ventricle, EF ejection fraction, SCD sudden cardiac death, LA left atrium, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract